Andonian Caroline, Beckmann Jürgen, Biber Sabina, Ewert Peter, Freilinger Sebastian, Kaemmerer Harald, Oberhoffer Renate, Pieper Lars, Neidenbach Rhoia Clara
Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2018 Dec;8(6):799-804. doi: 10.21037/cdt.2018.12.06.
Due to technological and medical advances the population of adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) is growing. Worldwide, congenital heart disease (CHD) affects 1.35-1.5 million children each year and more than 90% reach adulthood. Given the heterogeneity of CHD, survivors are faced with not only complex medical but also psychological challenges which may manifest in mental health problems, such as depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder. This review focuses on the emotional dimension of CHD. More precisely, it summarizes the present state of research on the prevalence of emotional distress in ACHD. Theoretical models provide a framework for possible explanations of mental health issues in ACHD. Additionally, the review examines the relation between psychological processes and overall health considering the latest scientific findings on coping with chronic illness (illness identity). There is still insufficient knowledge on the psychosocial treatment of mental health issues in the growing population of ACHD. This review suggests a vital need to further investigate the psychological situation of ACHD on a large-scale basis in order to establish a holistic treatment approach to accommodate the patients' special needs.
由于技术和医学的进步，患有先天性心脏病的成年人群体（ACHD）正在增加。在全球范围内，先天性心脏病（CHD）每年影响135万至150万儿童，超过90%的患儿能活到成年。鉴于CHD的异质性，幸存者不仅面临复杂的医疗挑战，还面临心理挑战，这些挑战可能表现为心理健康问题，如抑郁、焦虑和创伤后应激障碍。本综述聚焦于CHD的情感维度。更确切地说，它总结了目前关于ACHD中情感困扰患病率的研究现状。理论模型为解释ACHD中的心理健康问题提供了一个框架。此外，考虑到应对慢性病（疾病认知）的最新科学发现，本综述还探讨了心理过程与整体健康之间的关系。对于不断增加的ACHD人群中心理健康问题的社会心理治疗，目前仍缺乏足够的了解。本综述表明，迫切需要在大规模基础上进一步调查ACHD的心理状况，以便建立一种全面的治疗方法来满足患者的特殊需求。
