Lo Coco Valeria, Lorusso Roberto, Raffa Giuseppe M, Malvindi Pietro Giorgio, Pilato Michele, Martucci Gennaro, Arcadipane Antonio, Zieliński Kamil, Suwalski Piotr, Kowalewski Mariusz
Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Department of the Treatment and Study of Cardiothoracic Diseases and Cardiothoracic Transplantation, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Palermo, Italy.
J Thorac Dis. 2018 Dec;10(12):6993-7004. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2018.11.103.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is life-saving for potentially reversible heart failure and respiratory injuries not responsive to conventional therapies. Technological innovations have produced over the years significant improvements in ECMO devices (pump, cannula design and oxygenator) and have allowed a better risk/benefit profile. Alongside with recognized advantages in the treatment of very sick patients, ECMO remains an invasive procedure for mechanical circulatory support (MCS) and it is associated with complications that strongly influence the prognosis. Current review was designed to provide a comprehensive outline on ECMO complications, analyzing risk factors and strategies of management, focusing on adult population undergoing veno-arterial ECMO (VA-ECMO) therapy.
体外膜肺氧合（ECMO）对于潜在可逆的心力衰竭和对传统治疗无反应的呼吸损伤具有挽救生命的作用。多年来，技术创新使ECMO设备（泵、插管设计和氧合器）有了显著改进，并带来了更好的风险/效益比。除了在治疗重症患者方面具有公认的优势外，ECMO仍然是一种用于机械循环支持（MCS）的侵入性操作，并且与严重影响预后的并发症相关。本综述旨在全面概述ECMO并发症，分析危险因素和管理策略，重点关注接受静脉-动脉ECMO（VA-ECMO）治疗的成年人群。
