Wallmann Harvey W, Bell David L, Evans Brandon L, Hyman Adam A, Goss Gary K, Paicely Adam M
University of Findlay, Findlay, OH, USA.
Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, USA.
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2019 Feb;14(1):55-64.
Despite the increased use of whole body vibration among athletes, there is limited literature on its acute effects within heterogeneous populations such as untrained adults or recreational athletes.
HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of whole body vibration on vertical jump, power, balance, and agility for untrained males and females. It was hypothesized that there would be an effect on each outcome variable.
Quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest design.
Twenty males and sixteen females, mean age 24.5 years, were assessed for vertical jump height and power as measured by the Myotest accelerometer, balance as measured by the NeuroCom Balance Master System, and agility as measured by a modified T-test. Each session consisted of a five-minute treadmill warm-up, a practice test, a baseline measurement, a two-minute rest period, whole body vibration at 2 mm and 30 Hz for 60 seconds, and a final measurement. Three different counterbalanced testing sessions were separated by a minimum of 48 hours in between sessions to minimize fatigue.
Significant differences existed for both genders for main effect of time for Agility (p = 0.022); end point excursion Left (p = 0.007); and maximum endpoint excursion Left (p = 0.039). Differences for main effect of gender revealed females performed better than males in the following respects: end point excursion Right (p = 0.035); end point excursion Left (p = 0.014); maximum endpoint excursion Right (p = 0.024); and maximum endpoint excursion Left (p = 0.005). Males performed better than females in two respects: Agility (p < 0.0005) and Power (p < 0.0005). A significant interaction was observed between time and gender for vertical jump (p = 0.020). Simple main effects revealed males jumped higher than females during both pre and post intervention, p < 0.0005. Females had a significant decrease in the vertical jump post intervention (p = 0.05).
Results indicated that whole body vibration produced significant differences in the main effect of time and agility, and end point and maximum end point excursion Left for both genders, acutely. Females performed better in balance compared to males and poorer in vertical jump, but males performed better in agility and power.
尽管全身振动在运动员中的使用有所增加，但关于其在未经训练的成年人或业余运动员等异质人群中的急性影响的文献有限。
假设/目的：本研究的目的是调查全身振动对未经训练的男性和女性的垂直跳跃、力量、平衡和敏捷性的急性影响。假设是对每个结果变量都会有影响。
准实验性的前测-后测设计。
20名男性和16名女性，平均年龄24.5岁，通过Myotest加速度计测量垂直跳跃高度和力量，通过NeuroCom Balance Master系统测量平衡，通过改良的T测试测量敏捷性。每个训练单元包括5分钟的跑步机热身、一次练习测试、一次基线测量、2分钟的休息时间、在2毫米和30赫兹下进行60秒的全身振动以及一次最终测量。三个不同的平衡测试单元之间至少间隔48小时，以尽量减少疲劳。
在敏捷性的时间主效应方面（p = 0.022）；左端点偏移（p = 0.007）；以及最大左端点偏移（p = 0.039），两性均存在显著差异。性别主效应的差异表明，女性在以下方面表现优于男性：右端点偏移（p = 0.035）；左端点偏移（p = 0.014）；最大右端点偏移（p = 0.024）；以及最大左端点偏移（p = 0.005）。男性在两个方面表现优于女性：敏捷性（p < 0.0005）和力量（p < 0.0005）。在垂直跳跃方面，观察到时间和性别之间存在显著交互作用（p = 0.020）。简单主效应显示，在干预前和干预后，男性的跳跃高度均高于女性，p < 0.0005。女性在干预后的垂直跳跃有显著下降（p = 0.05）。
结果表明，全身振动在时间和敏捷性的主效应以及两性的左端点和最大左端点偏移方面产生了显著差异，且为急性影响。女性在平衡方面比男性表现更好，在垂直跳跃方面较差，但男性在敏捷性和力量方面表现更好。
