Dendro Sciences Group, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
Department of Ecology, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Lubicz 46, 31-512 Kraków, Poland.
Sci Adv. 2019 Jan 16;5(1):eaat4313. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aat4313. eCollection 2019 Jan.
Energy and water limitations of tree growth remain insufficiently understood at large spatiotemporal scales, hindering model representation of interannual or longer-term ecosystem processes. By assessing and statistically scaling the climatic drivers from 2710 tree-ring sites, we identified the boreal and temperate land areas where tree growth during 1930-1960 CE responded positively to temperature (20.8 ± 3.7 Mio km; 25.9 ± 4.6%), precipitation (77.5 ± 3.3 Mio km; 96.4 ± 4.1%), and other parameters. The spatial manifestation of this climate response is determined by latitudinal and altitudinal temperature gradients, indicating that warming leads to geographic shifts in growth limitations. We observed a significant ( < 0.001) decrease in temperature response at cold-dry sites between 1930-1960 and 1960-1990 CE, and the total temperature-limited area shrunk by -8.7 ± 0.6 Mio km. Simultaneously, trees became more limited by atmospheric water demand almost worldwide. These changes occurred under mild warming, and we expect that continued climate change will trigger a major redistribution in growth responses to climate.
树木生长的能量和水分限制在大时空尺度上仍了解不足，这阻碍了对年际或更长时间尺度生态系统过程的模型表示。通过评估和统计 2710 个树木年轮地点的气候驱动因素，我们确定了在 1930-1960 年期间，树木生长对温度（20.8 ± 3.7 亿平方公里；25.9 ± 4.6%）、降水（77.5 ± 3.3 亿平方公里；96.4 ± 4.1%）和其他参数有积极响应的北方和温带陆地地区。这种气候响应的空间表现取决于纬度和海拔的温度梯度，表明变暖导致了生长限制的地理转移。我们观察到，在 1930-1960 年和 1960-1990 年期间，寒冷干旱地区的温度响应显著（<0.001）下降，受温度限制的总面积减少了-8.7 ± 0.6 亿平方公里。同时，树木在几乎全球范围内受到大气水分需求的限制更大。这些变化是在温和变暖的情况下发生的，我们预计持续的气候变化将引发对气候的生长反应的重大重新分配。
