Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Wong Building, 3610 Rue University, Montréal, Québec, H3A 0C5, Canada.
Département de Génie Mécanique, École de Technologie Supérieure, 1100 rue Notre-Dame Ouest, Montréal, Québec, H3C 1K3, Canada.
Macromol Rapid Commun. 2019 May;40(9):e1800880. doi: 10.1002/marc.201800880. Epub 2019 Feb 12.
Electrospinning of nonsolvent-induced phase-separated ternary (NIPST) systems has gained a lot of interest due to its potential to produce (nano)fibers, which are superficially and internally porous with nanoscale surface roughness. Membranes produced from such systems are expected to have a high specific surface area (SSA; e.g., more than 50 m g ), an essential requirement for many of their applications. In spite of their advantages and potential, there are major issues regarding the electrospinning of NIPST systems that are not systematically addressed in the literature. In this paper, the most recent developments are reported and the potential and challenges associated with the electrospinning of NIPST systems are discussed. Furthermore, the essential steps to improve and optimize the electrospinning process of these systems are concisely discussed. By developing a modified time-dependent rheological model, a time range can be defined for NIPST systems as "electrospinnability window," in which fiber functionality and characteristics can be tailored through aging of the systems prior to electrospinning. Some potential post-treatment processes are also proposed based on the results of recent studies to stabilize as-electrospun membranes without damaging their highly porous fibers, which can guarantee their in-service mechanical and morphological stability.
非溶剂致相分离三元（NIPST）体系的静电纺丝由于能够制备具有纳米级表面粗糙度的内外表面多孔（纳米）纤维而受到广泛关注。此类体系制备的膜具有高比表面积（SSA；例如，超过 50 m g ），这是其许多应用的基本要求。尽管具有这些优势和潜力，但在文献中并未系统地解决 NIPST 体系静电纺丝的一些主要问题。本文报告了最新的研究进展，并讨论了与 NIPST 体系静电纺丝相关的潜力和挑战。此外，还简要讨论了改善和优化这些体系静电纺丝过程的基本步骤。通过开发一个改进的时变流变模型，可以为 NIPST 体系定义一个“可静电纺丝窗口”的时间范围，通过在静电纺丝前对体系进行老化，可以调整纤维的功能和特性。还根据最近的研究结果提出了一些潜在的后处理方法，以在不破坏其高度多孔纤维的情况下稳定静电纺丝后的膜，从而保证其在使用过程中的机械和形态稳定性。
