Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Feb 25;653:783-791. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.009. Epub 2018 Nov 4.
In the present study, a total of 41 sediment samples were collected from the areas with different land uses: industrial (IS), urban (US), agricultural (AGS), and natural field (NS) in the northern coasts along the Persian Gulf from November 2016 to January 2017. Samples were analyzed to determine the concentration of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, and Ni). The mean concentration of Ʃ6 heavy metals in the samples taken from IS, US, AGS, NS were 2300.24, 251.02, 553.21, and 40.93 mg/kg, respectively. The predominant metals were Zn, Cu, and Pb and the mean concentrations of Ʃ3 metals (Zn, Cu, and Pb) in IS, US, AGS, NS areas were 2245.6, 241.44, 529.61, and 36.98 mg/kg, respectively. The results indicated that the mean concentrations of Ʃ6Metals/Ʃ3 metals in the IS and AGS samples were significantly higher than US and NS samples (p < 0.05). Heavy metal levels (mg/kg. dry weight) in all four land uses were as follows: industrial region: Pb (1347.44) > Cu (465.00) > Zn (427.16) > Cr (34.20) > Cd (19.45) > Ni (7.09); urban region: Zn (97.45) > Cu (79.90) > Pb (64.09) > Cr (5.30) > Ni (2.55) > Cd (1.73); agricultural region: Zn (247.88) > Pb (164.89) > Cu (116.84) > Cr (11.09) > Ni (7.45) > Cd (5.06); and natural fields: Zn (27.43) > Cu (6.34) > Pb (3.18) > Cr (1.94) > Ni (1.18) > Cd (0.83). According to geo-accumulation index (I-geo), the IS, US, and AGS were classified into "highly-extremely polluted", "unpolluted-moderately polluted" and "highly polluted", respectively. Similarly, in accordance with the ecological risk index (ERI), the IS and AGS fell into the very high and considerable categories, respectively, while US land uses area was categorized as low risk. Based on the results obtained from the present study, it can be concluded that the sediments of Asalouyeh coasts in the northern part of the Persian Gulf are heavily contaminated with heavy metals, causing serious negative effects on both the human being and environment.
在本研究中，于 2016 年 11 月至 2017 年 1 月从波斯湾北部不同土地利用区（工业（IS）、城市（US）、农业（AGS）和自然领域（NS））共采集了 41 个沉积物样本。对样品进行分析，以确定重金属（Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd、Cr 和 Ni）的浓度。IS、US、AGS、NS 地区采集的样本中，∑6 种重金属的平均浓度分别为 2300.24、251.02、553.21 和 40.93mg/kg。主要金属为 Zn、Cu 和 Pb，IS、US、AGS、NS 地区∑3 种金属（Zn、Cu 和 Pb）的平均浓度分别为 2245.6、241.44、529.61 和 36.98mg/kg。结果表明，IS 和 AGS 样本的∑6 种金属/∑3 种金属的平均浓度显著高于 US 和 NS 样本（p<0.05）。四种土地利用方式下重金属含量（mg/kg.干重）如下：工业区域：Pb（1347.44）>Cu（465.00）>Zn（427.16）>Cr（34.20）>Cd（19.45）>Ni（7.09）；城市区域：Zn（97.45）>Cu（79.90）>Pb（64.09）>Cr（5.30）>Ni（2.55）>Cd（1.73）；农业区域：Zn（247.88）>Pb（164.89）>Cu（116.84）>Cr（11.09）>Ni（7.45）>Cd（5.06）；自然区域：Zn（27.43）>Cu（6.34）>Pb（3.18）>Cr（1.94）>Ni（1.18）>Cd（0.83）。根据地质累积指数（I-geo），IS、US 和 AGS 被归类为“高度-极度污染”、“无污染-中度污染”和“高度污染”。同样，根据生态风险指数（ERI），IS 和 AGS 分别属于极高和高风险类别，而 US 土地利用区被归类为低风险。根据本研究的结果，可以得出结论，波斯湾北部 Asalouyeh 海岸的沉积物受到重金属的严重污染，对人类和环境造成了严重的负面影响。
