Tremblay Émilie D, Kimoto Troy, Bérubé Jean A, Bilodeau Guillaume J
Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 3851 Fallowfield Road, Nepean, ON, K2H 8P9, Canada.
Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 4321 Still Creek Dr, Burnaby, BC, V5C 6S7, Canada.
J Fungi (Basel). 2019 Feb 12;5(1):15. doi: 10.3390/jof5010015.
Studying the means of dispersal of plant pathogens is crucial to better understand the dynamic interactions involved in plant infections. On one hand, entomologists rely mostly on both traditional molecular methods and morphological characteristics, to identify pests. On the other hand, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) is becoming the go-to avenue for scientists studying phytopathogens. These organisms sometimes infect plants, together with insects. Considering the growing number of exotic insect introductions in Canada, forest pest-management efforts would benefit from the development of a high-throughput strategy to investigate the phytopathogenic fungal and oomycete species interacting with wood-boring insects. We recycled formerly discarded preservative fluids from the Canadian Food Inspection Agency annual survey using insect traps and analysed more than one hundred samples originating from across Canada. Using the Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM) HTS technology and fusion primers, we performed metabarcoding to screen unwanted fungi and oomycetes species, including spp. Community profiling was conducted on the four different wood-boring, insect-attracting semiochemicals; although the preservative (contained ethanol) also attracted other insects. Phytopathogenic fungi (e.g., spp and in the pine sawyer semiochemical) and oomycetes (mainly spp. and aff. in the General Longhorn semiochemical), solely associated with one of the four types of semiochemicals, were detected. This project demonstrated that the insect traps' semiochemical microbiome represents a new and powerful matrix for screening phytopathogens. Compared to traditional diagnostic techniques, the fluids allowed for a faster and higher throughput assessment of the biodiversity contained within. Additionally, minimal modifications to this approach would allow it to be used in other phytopathology fields.
研究植物病原体的传播方式对于更好地理解植物感染中涉及的动态相互作用至关重要。一方面，昆虫学家主要依靠传统分子方法和形态特征来识别害虫。另一方面，高通量测序（HTS）正成为研究植物病原体的科学家的首选途径。这些生物体有时会与昆虫一起感染植物。鉴于加拿大外来昆虫引入数量的不断增加，森林害虫管理工作将受益于开发一种高通量策略，以研究与蛀木昆虫相互作用的植物病原真菌和卵菌物种。我们回收了加拿大食品检验局年度调查中以前废弃的保存液，这些保存液来自昆虫诱捕器，并分析了来自加拿大各地的一百多个样本。使用离子激流个人基因组机器（PGM）HTS技术和融合引物，我们进行了宏条形码分析，以筛选不需要的真菌和卵菌物种，包括 spp。对四种不同的吸引蛀木昆虫的信息素进行了群落分析；尽管保存液（含有乙醇）也吸引了其他昆虫。检测到仅与四种信息素之一相关的植物病原真菌（如松墨天牛信息素中的 spp和 ）和卵菌（主要是通用天牛信息素中的 spp和 aff. ）。该项目表明，昆虫诱捕器的信息素微生物群是筛选植物病原体的一种新的强大基质。与传统诊断技术相比，这些保存液能够更快、更高通量地评估其中所含的生物多样性。此外，对该方法进行最小程度的修改就可以将其应用于其他植物病理学领域。
