Scherp P, Grotha R, Kutschera U
FB 19 Pflanzenphysiologie, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34109 Kassel, Germany e-mail:
Plant Cell Rep. 2001 Feb;20(2):143-149. doi: 10.1007/s002990000301.
In order to investigate the occurrence of callose in dividing cells, we cultivated a selection of 30 organisms (the prokaryotic cyanobacterium Anabaena and eukaryotic green algae, bryophytes, ferns and seed plants) under defined conditions in the laboratory. Samples from these photoautotrophs, which are members of the evolutionary 'green lineage' leading from freshwater algae to land plants, were analysed by fluorescence microscopy. The β-1,3-glucan callose was identified by its staining properties with aniline blue and sirofluor. With the exception of the prokaryotic cyanobacterium, all of the eukaryotic organisms studied were capable of producing wound-induced callose. No callose was detected during cytokinesis of dividing cells of unicellular green algae (and Anabaena). However, in all of the multicellular green algae and land plants (embryophytes) investigated, callose was identified in newly made septae by an intense yellow fluorescence. The formation of wound callose was never detected in cells with callose in the newly formed septae. Additional experiments verified that no fixation-induced artefacts occurred. Our results show that callose is a regular component of developing septae in juvenile cells during cytokinesis in multicellular green algae and embryophytes. The implications of our results with respect to the evolutionary relationships between extant charophytes and land plants are discussed.
为了研究胼胝质在分裂细胞中的出现情况，我们在实验室特定条件下培养了30种生物（原核蓝藻鱼腥藻以及真核绿藻、苔藓植物、蕨类植物和种子植物）。这些光合自养生物属于从淡水藻类到陆地植物的进化“绿色谱系”，其样本通过荧光显微镜进行分析。β-1,3-葡聚糖胼胝质通过其与苯胺蓝和天狼星荧光染料的染色特性得以鉴定。除原核蓝藻外，所有研究的真核生物都能够产生创伤诱导的胼胝质。在单细胞绿藻（和鱼腥藻）分裂细胞的胞质分裂过程中未检测到胼胝质。然而，在所有研究的多细胞绿藻和陆地植物（胚植物）中，通过强烈的黄色荧光在新形成的隔膜中鉴定出了胼胝质。在新形成的隔膜中有胼胝质的细胞中从未检测到创伤胼胝质的形成。额外的实验证实未发生固定诱导的假象。我们的结果表明，胼胝质是多细胞绿藻和胚植物胞质分裂过程中幼嫩细胞发育中隔膜的常规组成部分。我们讨论了这些结果对于现存轮藻和陆地植物之间进化关系的意义。
