Keltjens J T, Vogels G D
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Biofactors. 1988 Jan;1(1):95-103.
Methanogenic bacteria comprise a selected group of microorganisms that derive their energy for growth from the hydrogen-dependent reduction of CO2 to methane or the disproportionation of reduced one-carbon compounds and acetate to CO2 and methane. In the reduction and oxidation steps at the formyl, hydroxymethyl and methyl level the one-carbon unit remains bound to the reduced form of methanopterin, a pterin derivative typical of methanogenic bacteria. In addition, the reduced methanopterin, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin, is involved in a number of anabolic reactions. Methanopterin is structurally and functionally the counterpart of folic acid found in other organisms. In this review the occurrence and properties of methanopterin and its derivatives, as well as the biosynthesis and the role in the different catabolic and anabolic reactions are discussed against the background of folic acid biochemistry.
产甲烷细菌是一类经过挑选的微生物，它们通过将二氧化碳依赖氢气还原为甲烷，或者将还原态的一碳化合物和乙酸盐歧化为二氧化碳和甲烷来获取生长所需的能量。在甲酰基、羟甲基和甲基水平的还原和氧化步骤中，一碳单位始终与产甲烷蝶呤的还原形式结合，产甲烷蝶呤是产甲烷细菌特有的一种蝶呤衍生物。此外，还原态的产甲烷蝶呤，即5,6,7,8-四氢产甲烷蝶呤，参与了许多合成代谢反应。产甲烷蝶呤在结构和功能上相当于其他生物体内的叶酸。在本综述中，我们将以叶酸生物化学为背景，讨论产甲烷蝶呤及其衍生物的存在、性质，以及生物合成和在不同分解代谢和合成代谢反应中的作用。
