Public Health Section, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DA, UK.
Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
Nutrients. 2019 Feb 5;11(2):342. doi: 10.3390/nu11020342.
Uganda is undergoing dietary transition, with possible environmental sustainability and health implications, particularly for women. To explore evidence for dietary transitions and identify how environmentally sustainable women's dietary patterns are, principal component analysis was performed on dietary data collected using a 24 h recall during the Uganda Food Consumption Survey ( = 957). Four dietary patterns explained 23.6% of the variance. The "traditional, high-fat, medium environmental impact" pattern was characterized by high intakes of nuts/seeds, fats, oils and spreads, fish and boiled vegetables. High intakes of bread and buns, rice and pasta, tea and sugar characterized the "transitioning, processed, low environmental impact' pattern. The 'plant-based, low environmental impact" pattern was associated with high intakes of legumes, boiled roots/tubers, boiled traditional vegetables, fresh fruit and fried traditional cereals. High intakes of red/organ meats, chicken, and soups characterized the "animal-based high environmental impact" pattern. Urban residence was positively associated with "transitioning, processed, low environmental impact" (β = 1.19; 1.06, 1.32) and "animal-based high environmental impact" (β = 0.45; 0.28, 0.61) patterns; but negatively associated with the "plant-based low environmental impact" pattern (β= -0.49; -0.62, -0.37). A traditional, high-fat dietary pattern with medium environmental impact persists in both contexts. These findings provide some evidence that urban women's diets are transitioning.
乌干达正在经历饮食转型，这可能对环境可持续性和健康产生影响，尤其是对妇女而言。为了探讨饮食转型的证据，并确定妇女饮食模式的环境可持续性如何，我们对乌干达食物消费调查期间使用 24 小时回顾法收集的饮食数据进行了主成分分析（n=957）。四种饮食模式解释了 23.6%的方差。“传统、高脂肪、中环境影响”模式的特点是坚果/种子、脂肪、油和涂抹酱、鱼和煮蔬菜的摄入量高。面包和小圆面包、大米和面食、茶和糖的高摄入量为“转型、加工、低环境影响”模式的特征。“植物性、低环境影响”模式与豆类、煮根茎/块茎、煮传统蔬菜、新鲜水果和炸传统谷物的高摄入量有关。红肉/器官肉、鸡肉和汤的高摄入量为“基于动物、高环境影响”模式的特征。城市居住与“转型、加工、低环境影响”（β=1.19；1.06，1.32）和“基于动物、高环境影响”（β=0.45；0.28，0.61）模式呈正相关；但与“植物性、低环境影响”模式呈负相关（β=-0.49；-0.62，-0.37）。在两种情况下，高脂肪、高环境影响的传统饮食模式仍然存在。这些发现为城市妇女的饮食正在转型提供了一些证据。
