Suleiman Majda K, Dixon Kingsley, Commander Lucy, Nevill Paul, Quoreshi Ali M, Bhat Narayana R, Manuvel Anitha J, Sivadasan Mini T
Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Desert Agriculture and Ecosystems Program, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
ARC Centre for Mine Site Restoration, Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
Front Microbiol. 2019 Jan 31;10:63. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00063. eCollection 2019.
This research examined the general soil fungi and AM fungal communities associated with a Lonely Tree species () existing in the Sabah Al-Ahmad Natural Reserve located at the Kuwait desert. The goals of the study were to describe the general fungal and AM fungal communities present in the rhizospheric, non-rhizospheric soils and roots of , respectively, as well as local and non-local seedlings when grown under standard nursery growing environments. Soil and root samples were analyzed for an array of characteristics including soil physicochemical composition, and culture-independent method termed PCR-cloning, intermediate variable region of rDNA, the large subunit (LSU) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequence identifications. The results reveal that the fungal phylotypes were classified in four major fungal phyla namely Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Zygomycota. The largest assemblage of fungal analyses showed communities dominated by members of the phylum Ascomycota. The assays also revealed a wealth of incertae sedis fungi, mostly affiliated to uncultured fungi from diverse environmental conditions. Striking difference between rhizosphere and bulk soils communities, with more fungal diversities and Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) richness associated with both the field and nursery rhizosphere soils. In contrast, a less diverse fungal community was found in the bulk soil samples. The characterization of AM fungi from the root system demonstrated that the most abundant and diversified group belongs to the family Glomeraceae, with the common genus (5 phylotypes) and another unclassified taxonomic group (5 phylotypes). Despite the harsh climate that prevails in the Kuwait desert, studied roots displayed the existence of considerable number of AM fungal biota. The present work thus provides a baseline of the fungal and mycorrhizal community associated with rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils and roots of only surviving tree from the Kuwaiti desert and seedlings under nursery growing environments.
本研究调查了科威特沙漠中沙巴·艾哈迈德自然保护区现存的一种孤树物种（）相关的普通土壤真菌和丛枝菌根（AM）真菌群落。该研究的目的是分别描述存在于该树种根际、非根际土壤和根系中的普通真菌和AM真菌群落，以及在标准苗圃生长环境下生长的本地和非本地该树种幼苗中的此类群落。对土壤和根系样本进行了一系列特征分析，包括土壤理化成分，以及一种非培养方法，即聚合酶链反应-克隆（PCR-克隆）、核糖体DNA（rDNA）的中间可变区、大亚基（LSU）和内部转录间隔区（ITS）序列鉴定。结果显示，真菌系统型分为四个主要真菌门，即子囊菌门、担子菌门、壶菌门和接合菌门。真菌分析中最大的组合显示群落以子囊菌门成员为主。这些分析还揭示了大量分类地位不确定的真菌，其中大多数隶属于来自不同环境条件的未培养真菌。根际土壤和大块土壤群落之间存在显著差异，根际土壤无论是田间还是苗圃的，都具有更多的真菌多样性和操作分类单元（OTU）丰富度。相比之下，大块土壤样本中的真菌群落多样性较低。对根系中AM真菌的特征分析表明，最丰富和多样的类群属于球囊霉科，有常见的属（5个系统型）和另一个未分类的分类群（5个系统型）。尽管科威特沙漠气候恶劣，但所研究的根系显示存在大量的AM真菌生物群。因此，本研究为科威特沙漠中仅存的该树种以及苗圃生长环境下的幼苗的根际和非根际土壤及根系相关的真菌和菌根群落提供了一个基线。
