El-Said A H M, Saleem A
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
Mycobiology. 2008 Mar;36(1):1-9. doi: 10.4489/MYCO.2008.36.1.001. Epub 2008 Mar 31.
Sixty three species and 5 varieties belonging to 30 fungal genera were collected from 75 soil samples. Cultivated (29 genera and 58 species + 5 var.), desert (22 and 35 + 2 var.) and saline soil (21 and 41 + 1 var.) fungi were recovered on glucose-, cellulose- and 50% sucrose-Czapek's agar at 28℃. The most common genera were Alternaria, Aspergillus, Emericella, Fusarium, Mycosphaerella, Nectria and Penicillium. The most prevalent species from the three types of soils on the three types of media were Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. terreus, Emericella nidulans, Fusarium oxysporum, Mycosphaerella tassiana, Nectria haematococca and Penicillium chrysogenum. Chaetomium globosum was in the top of fungi in producing endo-β-1,4-glucanases among the 42 tested isolates obtained from soils on cellulose-Czapek's agar. Maximum production of this enzyme by C. globosum obtained after 6 days of incubation at 30℃ with culture medium containing maltose as a carbon source and ammonium nitrate as a nitrogen source and pH initially adjusted to 6.
从75份土壤样本中采集到了隶属于30个真菌属的63个种和5个变种。在28℃条件下，在葡萄糖、纤维素和50%蔗糖察氏琼脂培养基上分离出了栽培土壤（29个属、58个种 + 5个变种）、沙漠土壤（22个属、35个种 + 2个变种）和盐渍土壤（21个属、41个种 + 1个变种）中的真菌。最常见的属为链格孢属、曲霉属、黄曲霉属、镰刀菌属、球腔菌属、丛赤壳属和青霉属。在三种类型培养基上，来自三种类型土壤中最普遍的物种为链格孢、黄曲霉、烟曲霉、黑曲霉、土曲霉、构巢曲霉、尖孢镰刀菌、塔斯球腔菌、血球丛赤壳和产黄青霉。在纤维素察氏琼脂培养基上从土壤中获得的42株测试菌株中，球毛壳菌在产内切-β-1,4-葡聚糖酶方面位居真菌之首。球毛壳菌在以麦芽糖作为碳源、硝酸铵作为氮源且初始pH值调至6的培养基中于30℃培养6天后，该酶产量达到最高。
