Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Nov 27;69(12):2170-2176. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz146.
Trichomonas vaginalis virus (TVV) is a non-segmented, 4.5-5.5 kilo-base pair (kbp), double-stranded RNA virus infecting T. vaginalis. The objectives of this study were to examine the TVV prevalence in US Trichomonas vaginalis isolates and TVV's associations with patient demographics, clinical outcomes, and metronidazole resistance.
Archived T. vaginalis isolates from the enrollment visits of 355 women participating in a T. vaginalis treatment trial in Birmingham, Alabama, were thawed and grown in culture. Their total RNA was extracted using a Trizol reagent. Contaminating, single-stranded RNA was precipitated using 4.0 M Lithium Chloride and centrifugation. The samples were analyzed by gel electrophoresis to visualize a 4.5 kbp band representative of TVV. In vitro testing for metronidazole resistance was also performed on 25/47 isolates obtained from the women's test of cure visits.
TVV was detected in 142/355 (40%) isolates at the enrollment visit. Women with TVV-positive (TVV+) isolates were significantly older (P = .01), more likely to smoke (P = .04), and less likely to report a history of gonorrhea (P = .04). There was no association between the presence of clinical symptoms or repeat T. vaginalis infections with TVV+ isolates (P = .14 and P = .44, respectively). Of 25 test of cure isolates tested for metronidazole resistance, 0/10 TVV+ isolates demonstrated resistance, while 2/15 TVV-negative isolates demonstrated mild to moderate resistance (P = .23).
Of 355 T. vaginalis isolates tested for TVV, T. vaginalis isolates tested for TVV, the prevalence was 40%. However, there was no association of TVV+ isolates with clinical symptoms, repeat infections, or metronidazole resistance. These results suggest that TVV may be commensal to T. vaginalis.
阴道毛滴虫病毒（TVV）是一种非节段性、4.5-5.5 千碱基对（kbp）、双链 RNA 病毒，感染阴道毛滴虫。本研究的目的是检查美国阴道毛滴虫分离株中的 TVV 流行率以及 TVV 与患者人口统计学、临床结果和甲硝唑耐药性的关系。
从阿拉巴马州伯明翰参加阴道毛滴虫治疗试验的 355 名女性的入组就诊时解冻并培养存档的阴道毛滴虫分离株。使用 Trizol 试剂提取其总 RNA。使用 4.0 M 氯化锂和离心沉淀去除污染的单链 RNA。通过凝胶电泳分析样品以可视化代表 TVV 的 4.5 kbp 带。还对从女性治愈试验就诊时获得的 25/47 个分离株进行了甲硝唑耐药性的体外检测。
在入组就诊时，142/355（40%）分离株中检测到 TVV。TVV 阳性（TVV+）分离株的女性年龄明显更大（P =.01），更有可能吸烟（P =.04），且不太可能报告淋病史（P =.04）。TVV+分离株与临床症状或重复阴道毛滴虫感染之间没有关联（P =.14 和 P =.44，分别）。在 25 个用于甲硝唑耐药性检测的治愈试验分离株中，0/10 TVV+分离株显示耐药性，而 2/15 TVV-分离株显示轻度至中度耐药性（P =.23）。
在 355 个阴道毛滴虫分离株中检测 TVV，TVV 的流行率为 40%。然而，TVV+分离株与临床症状、重复感染或甲硝唑耐药性之间没有关联。这些结果表明，TVV 可能与阴道毛滴虫共生。
