少突胶质细胞发育的分子调控。
Molecular Control of Oligodendrocyte Development.
机构信息
The Center for Peripheral Neuropathy, The Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
The Center for Peripheral Neuropathy, The Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
出版信息
Trends Neurosci. 2019 Apr;42(4):263-277. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2019.01.002. Epub 2019 Feb 12.
Abstract
Myelin is a multilayer lipid membrane structure that wraps and insulates axons, allowing for the efficient propagation of action potentials. During developmental myelination of the central nervous system (CNS), oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) proliferate and migrate to their final destination, where they terminally differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes and myelinate axons. Lineage progression and terminal differentiation of oligodendrocyte lineage cells are under tight transcriptional and post-transcriptional control. The characterization of several recently identified regulatory factors that govern these processes, which are the focus of this review, has greatly increased our understanding of oligodendrocyte development and function. These insights are critical to facilitate efforts to enhance OPC differentiation in neurological disorders that disrupt CNS myelin.
摘要
髓鞘是一种多层脂质膜结构，包裹并隔离轴突，从而实现动作电位的有效传播。在中枢神经系统（CNS）的发育性髓鞘形成过程中，少突胶质前体细胞（OPC）增殖并迁移到最终目的地，在那里它们终末分化为成熟的少突胶质细胞并髓鞘化轴突。少突胶质细胞谱系细胞的谱系进展和终末分化受到严格的转录和转录后控制。最近鉴定的几个调节因子的特征，这些调节因子是本综述的重点，极大地提高了我们对少突胶质细胞发育和功能的理解。这些见解对于促进在破坏中枢神经系统髓鞘的神经紊乱中增强 OPC 分化的努力至关重要。
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