Naik Rupesh I, Vagi Sara J, Uzicanin Amra, Dopson Stephanie A
1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
2 Commissioned Corps of the United States Public Health Service, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Health Promot Pract. 2019 May;20(3):338-343. doi: 10.1177/1524839919826582. Epub 2019 Feb 17.
Emergence of a novel infectious disease, such as pandemic influenza, is the one global crisis most likely to affect the greatest number of people worldwide. Because of the potentially severe and contagious nature of influenza, a rapid multifaceted pandemic response, which includes nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and effective strategies for communication with the public are essential for a timely response and mitigating the spread of disease. A web-based questionnaire was administered via email in July 2015 to 62 Public Health Emergency Preparedness (PHEP) directors across jurisdictions that receive funding through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention PHEP cooperative agreement. This report focuses on two modules: Public Information and Communication and Community Mitigation. Consistent and targeted communication are critical for the acceptability and success of NPIs. All 62 jurisdictions have developed or are in the process of developing a communications plan. Community-level NPIs such as home isolation, school closures, and respiratory etiquette play a critical role in mitigating the spread of disease. Effective, ongoing communication with the public is essential to ensuring wide spread compliance of NPI's, especially among non-English-speaking populations. Planning should also include reaching vulnerable populations and identifying the correct legal authorities for closing schools and canceling mass gatherings.
诸如大流行性流感等新型传染病的出现，是最有可能影响全球最多人口的全球性危机之一。由于流感具有潜在的严重性和传染性，因此迅速采取多方面的大流行应对措施至关重要，这些措施包括非药物干预措施（NPIs）以及与公众进行有效沟通的策略，这对于及时做出应对和减缓疾病传播必不可少。2015年7月，通过电子邮件向62位公共卫生应急准备（PHEP）主任发放了一份基于网络的调查问卷，这些主任来自通过疾病控制与预防中心PHEP合作协议获得资金的各个辖区。本报告重点关注两个模块：公共信息与沟通以及社区缓解措施。持续且有针对性的沟通对于非药物干预措施的可接受性和成功实施至关重要。所有62个辖区都已制定或正在制定沟通计划。社区层面的非药物干预措施，如居家隔离、学校关闭和呼吸道礼仪，在减缓疾病传播方面发挥着关键作用。与公众进行有效且持续的沟通对于确保非药物干预措施得到广泛遵守至关重要，尤其是在非英语人群中。规划还应包括接触弱势群体以及确定关闭学校和取消大型集会的正确法律权威机构。
