Gernsbacher Morton Ann
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Adv Methods Pract Psychol Sci. 2018;1(3):403-414. doi: 10.1177/2515245918754485. Epub 2018 Jul 13.
This article provides recommendations for writing empirical journal articles that enable transparency, reproducibility, clarity, and memorability. Recommendations for transparency include preregistering methods, hypotheses, and analyses; submitting registered reports; distinguishing confirmation from exploration; and showing your warts. Recommendations for reproducibility include documenting methods and results fully and cohesively, by taking advantage of open--science tools, and citing sources responsibly. Recommendations for clarity include writing short paragraphs, composed of short sentences; writing comprehensive abstracts; and seeking feedback from a naive audience. Recommendations for memorability include writing narratively; embracing the hourglass shape of empirical articles; beginning articles with a hook; and synthesizing, rather than Mad Libbing, previous literature.
本文提供了撰写实证性期刊文章的建议，这些建议有助于实现透明度、可重复性、清晰度和可读性。关于透明度的建议包括预先注册方法、假设和分析；提交注册报告；区分证实与探索；以及展示自身的不足。关于可重复性的建议包括充分且连贯地记录方法和结果，利用开放科学工具，并负责任地引用来源。关于清晰度的建议包括撰写由短句组成的短段落；撰写全面的摘要；以及从非专业读者那里寻求反馈。关于可读性的建议包括叙事性写作；采用实证性文章的沙漏型结构；以引人入胜的内容开篇；以及综合而非拼凑以往的文献。
