1 Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
2 Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA.
Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2019 Apr;244(6):494-504. doi: 10.1177/1535370219830075. Epub 2019 Feb 18.
Considering the clear effects of microbiota on important aspects of animal biology and development (including in humans), this topic is timely and broadly appealing, as it compels us to consider the possibilities of altering the microbiome (without antibiotics) to positively affect animal health. In this review, we highlight three general approaches to manipulating the microbiome that have demonstrated success and promise for use in animal health. We also point out knowledge gaps where further inquiry would most benefit the field. Our paper not only provides a short and digestible overview of the current state of application, but also calls for further exploration of the microbial diversity at hand to expand our toolkit, while also leveraging the diversity and flexibility of animal systems to better understand mechanisms of efficacy.
考虑到微生物组对动物生物学和发育的重要方面（包括人类）的明显影响，这个话题具有及时性和广泛吸引力，因为它迫使我们考虑改变微生物组（不使用抗生素）以积极影响动物健康的可能性。在这篇综述中，我们强调了三种已被证明成功并有望用于动物健康的微生物组操作的一般方法。我们还指出了知识空白，进一步的研究将最有益于该领域。我们的论文不仅提供了当前应用状态的简短而易于理解的概述，还呼吁进一步探索手头的微生物多样性，以扩大我们的工具包，同时利用动物系统的多样性和灵活性来更好地理解疗效机制。
