Sidhu Mayenaaz, van der Poorten David
Aust Fam Physician. 2017;46(4):206-211.
More than a trillion, mostly good, microbes live within our gastrointestinal tract and are responsible for vital metabolic, immune and nutritional functions. Dysbiosis, meaning a maladaptive imbalance of the microbiome, is associated with many common diseases and is a target for therapy.
This article provides an overview of the gut microbiome in health and disease, highlighting conditions such as Clostridium difficile infection, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, with which dysbiosis is associated. Information about treatments that affect the gut microbiome, including probiotics and faecal microbiota transplant, are discussed.
As our knowledge of the microbiome increases, we are likely to better understand the complex interactions that cause disease, and develop new and more effective treatments for many common conditions.
超过一万亿的微生物（其中大部分是有益的）生活在我们的胃肠道内，它们负责重要的代谢、免疫和营养功能。生态失调，即微生物群的适应不良失衡，与许多常见疾病相关，是治疗的靶点。
本文概述了健康和疾病状态下的肠道微生物群，重点介绍了与生态失调相关的疾病，如艰难梭菌感染、炎症性肠病、肠易激综合征、肥胖症和非酒精性脂肪性肝病。文中还讨论了影响肠道微生物群的治疗方法，包括益生菌和粪便微生物群移植。
随着我们对微生物群的了解不断增加，我们可能会更好地理解导致疾病的复杂相互作用，并为许多常见病症开发新的、更有效的治疗方法。
