Department of cardiology, Fundació Althaia, Xarxa Assistencial Universitaria de Manresa, Dr Joan Soler 1-3, 08243, Manresa, Barcelona, Spain.
Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2019 Apr;119(4):961-970. doi: 10.1007/s00421-019-04085-x. Epub 2019 Feb 18.
Endurance exercise competitions have shown a transient negative effect on global right ventricular (RV) performance. Most published studies are based on terrestrial sports. The aim of our study was to evaluate the cardiac effects after an open water swimming race.
We evaluated 33 healthy swimmers (mean age 40.9 ± 7.2) participating in a 9.5 km open water swimming race. All subjects underwent a standard transthoracic echocardiography including an evaluation of dimensions and myocardial ventricular deformation. Echocardiography was performed 24 h before and within the first hour of arrival at the finish line. Cardiac troponin I (cTn I), NT-ProBNP and leukocytes were also evaluated.
No changes in left ventricle (LV) ejection fraction or LV global longitudinal strain were observed. A significant increase in RV end-diastolic area (RVEDA) was noted after the race (RVEDA at baseline 15.12 ± 1.86; RVEDA after race 16.06 ± 2.27, p < 0.05), but no changes were seen in RV fractional area change or RV global longitudinal strain. Cardiac biomarkers and leukocytes significantly increased. No association was detected between the increase in cTn I or NT-proBNP and the RV acute dilatation or LV performance. A significant association was observed between cTn I and leukocytes (r = 0.375, p < 0.05).
An acute RV dilatation but without an impairment in RV deformation was observed after participating in an endurance swimming race. The correlation between the increase in cTn I and leukocytes, but not with ventricular performance, may support the hypothesis of an exercise-induced increase in myocardial sarcolemmal permeability due to an inflammatory response rather than myocardial injury.
耐力运动竞赛对全球右心室（RV）功能表现有短暂的负面影响。大多数已发表的研究基于陆地运动。本研究旨在评估公开水域游泳比赛后的心脏效应。
我们评估了 33 名参加 9.5 公里公开水域游泳比赛的健康游泳运动员（平均年龄 40.9±7.2）。所有受试者均接受标准经胸超声心动图检查，包括评估心脏尺寸和心肌心室变形。超声心动图在比赛前 24 小时和到达终点线后的第一小时内进行。还评估了心肌肌钙蛋白 I（cTn I）、NT-proBNP 和白细胞。
左心室（LV）射血分数或 LV 整体纵向应变无变化。比赛后 RV 舒张末期面积（RVEDA）显著增加（RVEDA 基线 15.12±1.86；RVEDA 赛后 16.06±2.27，p<0.05），但 RV 节段面积变化或 RV 整体纵向应变无变化。心脏生物标志物和白细胞明显增加。cTn I 或 NT-proBNP 的增加与 RV 急性扩张或 LV 功能之间未发现相关性。cTn I 和白细胞之间观察到显著相关性（r=0.375，p<0.05）。
参加耐力游泳比赛后观察到急性 RV 扩张，但 RV 变形没有受损。cTn I 增加与白细胞之间的相关性，而不是与心室功能之间的相关性，可能支持由于炎症反应而不是心肌损伤导致运动引起的心肌肌浆网通透性增加的假说。
