Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China.
Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2019 May;88:126-134. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.02.031. Epub 2019 Feb 16.
The study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with dandelion extracts (DE) on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition, serum biochemical, liver histology, immune-related gene expression and CCl resistance of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀). A basal diet supplemented with DE at 0% (diet 0%), 0.1% (diet 0.1%), 0.2% (diet 0.2%), 0.4% (diet 0.4%) and 0.8% (diet 0.8%) were fed to hybrid grouper for 8 weeks. The results revealed that dietary DE had not a significant impact on growth performance and feed utilization (P > 0.05), but it could decrease the percent of crude lipids in whole body and increase the percent of crude protein in muscle (P < 0.05). Dietary DE increased the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) and reduced inflammatory factor in the spleen and head-kidney of fish (P < 0.05), but reduced the expression of the liver antioxidant gene except for glutathione reductase (P < 0.05). Dietary supplementation with 0.2%-0.4% DE could effectively improve liver health. After injection of CCL by 72 h, fish fed Diet0.2% and Diet0.4% showed regular hepatocyte morphology while fish fed Diet 0%, Diet 0.1% and Diet 0.8% showed hepatocyte damage. Higher survival rate and total blood cell count was observed in fish fed 0.1%-0.4% dietary DE (P < 0.05). In conclusion, DE could be used as a functional feed additive to enhance liver function of farmed fish. The best level of it should be between 0.2% and 0.4%.
该研究调查了蒲公英提取物（DE）膳食补充对杂交石斑鱼（Epinephelus lanceolatus♂×Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀）生长性能、饲料利用、体组成、血清生化、肝脏组织学、免疫相关基因表达和 CCl 抗性的影响。基础饲料中添加 0%（Diet 0%）、0.1%（Diet 0.1%）、0.2%（Diet 0.2%）、0.4%（Diet 0.4%）和 0.8%（Diet 0.8%）的 DE，连续投喂杂交石斑鱼 8 周。结果表明，日粮 DE 对生长性能和饲料利用没有显著影响（P＞0.05），但能降低鱼体粗脂肪含量，增加肌肉粗蛋白含量（P＜0.05）。日粮 DE 提高了抗氧化酶（过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶）的 mRNA 水平，降低了鱼脾脏和头肾的炎症因子（P＜0.05），但降低了肝脏抗氧化基因除谷胱甘肽还原酶外的表达（P＜0.05）。日粮补充 0.2%-0.4%的 DE 可有效改善肝脏健康。注射 CCL 72 小时后，饲喂 Diet0.2%和 Diet0.4%的鱼表现出正常的肝细胞形态，而饲喂 Diet 0%、Diet 0.1%和 Diet 0.8%的鱼则表现出肝细胞损伤。饲喂 0.1%-0.4%日粮 DE 的鱼存活率和总血细胞计数较高（P＜0.05）。总之，DE 可作为一种功能性饲料添加剂，增强养殖鱼类的肝功能。最佳添加水平应为 0.2%-0.4%。
