Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
Innovative Institute of Animal Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2022 Jan;120:280-286. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.11.034. Epub 2021 Nov 25.
The study explored on the effects of dietary 0.4% dandelion extract on the growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, liver histology and the expression levels of immune and apoptosis-related genes in the head kidney and spleen of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀) at different feeding period. The results showed that the weight gain rate (WGR) of the hybrid grouper were significantly increased at the second and fourth weeks (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in WGR at the eighth week (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, dietary dandelion extracts supplementation improve lipid metabolism, reduce lipid accumulation in liver and maintain normal liver histology at the second and fourth weeks. At the end of the second week, the relative expression levels of antioxidant related genes (MnSOD, GPX and GR) in the head kidney of hybrid grouper fed with dandelion extract increased significantly; at the end of week 4 and week 8, the relative expression levels of antioxidant related genes other than MnSOD did not change significantly. However, in the spleen of hybrid grouper, the expression of these antioxidant genes showed the opposite trend. At the end of the eighth week, dietary dandelion extract supplementation significantly increased the expression of inflammatory response related genes in head kidney of hybrid grouper, but showed the opposite trend in spleen. In conclusion, the short-term (2 or 4 weeks) application of 0.4% dandelion extract in feed had the effects of growth improvement, liver protection and immune stimulation on hybrid grouper due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The beneficial effect of dandelion extract on hybrid grouper was time-dependent, and its action time on different immune organs of hybrid grouper was not synchronous.
该研究探讨了在不同投喂期，日粮中添加 0.4%蒲公英提取物对杂交石斑鱼（Epinephelus lanceolatus♂×Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀）生长性能、血清生化参数、肝脏组织学和头肾、脾脏免疫及凋亡相关基因表达水平的影响。结果表明，第 2 周和第 4 周时，杂交石斑鱼的增重率（WGR）显著提高（P<0.05），但第 8 周时 WGR 无显著差异（P>0.05）。与对照组相比，日粮添加蒲公英提取物可改善杂交石斑鱼的脂代谢，减少肝脏中的脂质积累，维持第 2 周和第 4 周肝脏组织学的正常状态。第 2 周结束时，投喂蒲公英提取物可显著提高杂交石斑鱼头肾中抗氧化相关基因（MnSOD、GPX 和 GR）的相对表达水平；第 4 周和第 8 周结束时，除 MnSOD 外，其他抗氧化相关基因的相对表达水平无显著变化。然而，在杂交石斑鱼的脾脏中，这些抗氧化基因的表达则呈现相反的趋势。第 8 周结束时，日粮添加蒲公英提取物可显著提高杂交石斑鱼头肾中炎症反应相关基因的表达，但在脾脏中则呈现相反的趋势。综上所述，日粮中添加 0.4%蒲公英提取物短期（2 或 4 周）投喂可提高杂交石斑鱼的生长性能，具有肝脏保护和免疫刺激作用，这与其抗氧化和抗炎活性有关。蒲公英提取物对杂交石斑鱼的有益作用具有时间依赖性，且对杂交石斑鱼不同免疫器官的作用时间不同步。
