在幼龄桃园中比较高粱或溴甲烷种植前生物熏蒸对管理奇异环线虫的效果

Preplant Biofumigation with Sorghum or Methyl Bromide Compared for Managing Criconemoides xenoplax in a Young Peach Orchard.

作者信息

Nyczepir A P, Rodriguez-Kabana R

机构信息

Research Nematologist, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Laboratory, Byron, GA 31008.

Professor, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849.

出版信息

Plant Dis. 2007 Dec;91(12):1607-1611. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-91-12-1607.

DOI:10.1094/PDIS-91-12-1607

PMID:30780606

Abstract

Sorghum as a preplant green manure biofumigant management system of Criconemoides xenoplax was investigated from 1998 to 2003. The study was conducted on a site infested with C. xenoplax and having a previous history of peach tree short life (PTSL). Plots consisted of five preplant treatments: (i) nonfumigated soil without tarp and urea, (ii) nonfumigated soil with tarp and urea, (iii) sorghum as a green manure without tarp and urea, (iv) sorghum as a green manure with tarp and urea, and (v) preplant methyl bromide fumigation. Sorghum as a green manure with and without tarp was comparable with methyl bromide fumigation in suppressing the population of C. xenoplax in the early stages of this experiment. Nematode population densities were suppressed 11 months longer in sorghum with tarp and urea plots than in sorghum without tarp and urea plots. However, nematode population densities in sorghum with tarp and urea plots were not suppressed as long as in fumigated methyl bromide plots (19 versus 24 months, respectively).

摘要

1998年至2003年期间，对高粱作为一种种植前绿肥生物熏蒸剂管理南方根结线虫（Criconemoides xenoplax）的系统进行了研究。该研究在一个受南方根结线虫侵染且曾有桃树短命（PTSL）病史的地块上进行。试验小区包括五种种植前处理：（i）未覆盖 tarp 且未施尿素的未熏蒸土壤，（ii）覆盖 tarp 且施尿素的未熏蒸土壤，（iii）作为绿肥且未覆盖 tarp 且未施尿素的高粱，（iv）作为绿肥且覆盖 tarp 且施尿素的高粱，以及（v）种植前用溴甲烷熏蒸。在本试验早期，覆盖 tarp 和未覆盖 tarp 的高粱绿肥处理在抑制南方根结线虫种群数量方面与溴甲烷熏蒸相当。覆盖 tarp 且施尿素的高粱小区中线虫种群密度的抑制时间比未覆盖 tarp 且未施尿素的高粱小区长11个月。然而，覆盖 tarp 且施尿素的高粱小区中线虫种群密度的抑制时间不如熏蒸溴甲烷的小区长（分别为19个月和24个月）。