Karolina Dwi Setyowati, Armugam Arunmozhiarasi, Sepramaniam Sugunavathi, Jeyaseelan Kandiah
a Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
b Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2012 May;7(3):281-300. doi: 10.1586/eem.12.21.
Diabetes is a chronic disease that manifests when insulin production by the pancreas is insufficient or when the body cannot effectively utilize the secreted insulin. The onset of diabetes often goes undetected until the later stages where subsequent glucose accumulation in the system (hyperglycemia) is observed. Over time, it leads to serious multi-organ damage, especially to the nerves and blood vessels. The WHO reports that approximately 346 million people worldwide are diagnosed with diabetes. With no cure available, long-term medical care for diabetes has become a global economic challenge globally. Hence, there is a need to explore novel early biomarkers and therapeutics for diabetes. One such potential molecule is the miRNAs. miRNAs are endogenous, noncoding RNAs that predominantly inhibit gene expression. Compelling evidence showed that altered miRNA expressions are linked to pathological conditions, including diabetes manifestation. This review focuses on the implications of miRNAs in diabetes and their related complications.
糖尿病是一种慢性疾病，当胰腺分泌胰岛素不足或身体无法有效利用分泌的胰岛素时就会出现。糖尿病的发病往往在后期才被发现，此时会观察到系统中随后出现葡萄糖积累（高血糖症）。随着时间的推移，它会导致严重的多器官损伤，尤其是神经和血管。世界卫生组织报告称，全球约有3.46亿人被诊断患有糖尿病。由于无法治愈，糖尿病的长期医疗护理已成为全球经济挑战。因此，有必要探索用于糖尿病的新型早期生物标志物和治疗方法。一种这样的潜在分子是微小RNA（miRNAs）。微小RNA是内源性非编码RNA，主要抑制基因表达。有力证据表明，微小RNA表达的改变与包括糖尿病表现在内的病理状况有关。本综述重点关注微小RNA在糖尿病及其相关并发症中的影响。
