Yen Chih-Feng, Kim Mee-Ran, Lee Chyi-Long
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
Gynecol Minim Invasive Ther. 2019 Jan-Mar;8(1):4-11. doi: 10.4103/GMIT.GMIT_83_18. Epub 2019 Jan 23.
With a perplexing pathogenesis and an incidence rate of approximately 10% among women of reproductive age, endometriosis affects more women in Asia than in any other continent in the world. This paper reviews the available data on the epidemiology and risk factors associated with endometriosis in East Asia.
Included studies were published between January 2000 and December 2016. Articles were required to include East Asian patients with a diagnosis of endometriosis and to study epidemiology, such as the prevalence and/or incidence, associated with inherited, environmental, and/or lifestyle factors. A total of 65 candidate articles were retrieved and 22 were included in the final review.
Only one study provided an estimate of prevalence (6.8%). Short menstrual cycle, family history of endometriosis, and some genetic polymorphisms are associated with the risk of developing endometriosis. Smoking, lower body mass index, and lower parity associated with increased risk of endometriosis were suggested as modifiable factors. Limitations of this study include the poor quality of data identified, and the language barriers behind the study retrieval.
Data on the epidemiology of endometriosis in the East Asian populations are limited. The available data that examine potential genetic factors do not unveil whether such factors directly contribute to the increased risk of endometriosis. Further extensive studies on endometriosis in Asian women are required to improve the management of this disease.
子宫内膜异位症发病机制复杂，在育龄女性中的发病率约为10%，亚洲受其影响的女性多于世界上其他任何大洲。本文综述了东亚地区子宫内膜异位症的流行病学及相关危险因素的现有数据。
纳入的研究发表于2000年1月至2016年12月之间。文章需纳入诊断为子宫内膜异位症的东亚患者，并研究与遗传、环境和/或生活方式因素相关的流行病学，如患病率和/或发病率。共检索到65篇候选文章，最终纳入综述的有22篇。
仅有一项研究提供了患病率估计值（6.8%）。月经周期短、子宫内膜异位症家族史以及一些基因多态性与患子宫内膜异位症的风险相关。吸烟、较低的体重指数以及较低的产次与子宫内膜异位症风险增加相关，这些被认为是可改变的因素。本研究的局限性包括所识别数据质量较差，以及研究检索存在语言障碍。
东亚人群子宫内膜异位症的流行病学数据有限。现有的关于潜在遗传因素的研究数据并未揭示这些因素是否直接导致子宫内膜异位症风险增加。需要对亚洲女性的子宫内膜异位症进行进一步广泛研究，以改善该病的管理。
