Zainal Abir, Salama Amr, Alweis Richard
Department of Medicine, Unity Hospital, Rochester Regional Health, Rochester, NY, USA.
J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect. 2019 Feb 11;9(1):59-61. doi: 10.1080/20009666.2019.1565884. eCollection 2019.
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a bleeding disorder characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia (platelet count <150,000 u/L), which is not associated with a systemic illness. ITP is reported in approximately 2 per 100,000 adults. The mean age of diagnosis is 50 years. ITP is more common in females of childbearing age and in pregnancy. In adults, the course is more chronic although spontaneous remission can also occur within months of initial diagnosis. A thorough and timely workup of thrombocytopenia is imperative to rule out other differentials of ITP as it is considered a diagnosis of exclusion. Primary care physicians encounter patients who exhibit signs of thrombocytopenia such as petechiae or purpura on a regular basis. A high index of clinical suspicion is required to accurately diagnose ITP and commence the appropriate treatment including glucocorticoids to increase the chances of a favorable prognosis as described by the authors.
免疫性血小板减少性紫癜（ITP）是一种出血性疾病，其特征为孤立性血小板减少（血小板计数<150,000 u/L），且与全身性疾病无关。据报道，每10万名成年人中约有2人患有ITP。诊断的平均年龄为50岁。ITP在育龄女性和妊娠期更为常见。在成年人中，病程多为慢性，不过在初始诊断后的数月内也可能出现自发缓解。对血小板减少进行全面及时的检查对于排除ITP的其他鉴别诊断至关重要，因为ITP被视为一种排除性诊断。初级保健医生经常会遇到出现血小板减少迹象（如瘀点或紫癜）的患者。需要高度的临床怀疑指数才能准确诊断ITP并开始适当的治疗，包括使用糖皮质激素以增加如作者所述的良好预后的机会。
