Martínez-Avilés Marta, Garrido-Estepa Macarena, Álvarez Julio, de la Torre Ana
Animal Health Research Center (INIA-CISA), Ctra Algete a El Casar s/n, 28130, Valdeolmos, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
VISAVET Health Surveillance Center, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Vet Sci. 2019 Feb 20;6(1):20. doi: 10.3390/vetsci6010020.
Non-typhoid salmonellosis is a common and problematic foodborne zoonotic disease in which pork and pork products can be an important potential source of infection. To prevent this disease, important efforts to monitor the situation in the main source, livestock, are conducted in most developed countries. In the European Union, European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) and European Center for Disease Control (ECDC) compile information at the member-state level, even though important differences in production systems and surveillance systems exist. Here, surveillance systems in one of the main sources of foodborne salmonellosis, swine, and humans in Spain were reviewed to identify potential gaps and discuss potential ways of integration under a "One-Health" approach. Despite the extensive information generated through the surveillance activities, source attribution can be only routinely performed through ad-hoc outbreak investigations, and national reports on human outbreaks do not provide sufficiently detailed information to gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of the pathogen. Human and animal monitoring of would benefit from a better exchange of information and collaboration. Analysis of spatio-temporal trends in livestock and humans could help to identify likely sources of infection and to target surveillance efforts in areas with higher prevalence or where specific strains are found.
非伤寒沙门氏菌病是一种常见且棘手的食源性人畜共患病，其中猪肉及猪肉制品可能是重要的潜在感染源。为预防这种疾病，大多数发达国家都在主要源头即牲畜方面开展了重要的监测工作。在欧盟，尽管生产体系和监测体系存在重大差异，但欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）和欧洲疾病预防控制中心（ECDC）仍在成员国层面收集信息。在此，对西班牙食源性沙门氏菌病的主要源头之一猪以及人类的监测体系进行了审查，以找出潜在差距，并讨论在“同一健康”方法下的潜在整合方式。尽管通过监测活动产生了大量信息，但溯源通常只能通过专门的疫情调查来进行，而且关于人类疫情的国家报告并未提供足够详细的信息，以便更好地了解病原体的流行病学情况。人类和动物监测将受益于更好的信息交流与合作。对牲畜和人类的时空趋势进行分析，有助于确定可能的感染源，并将监测工作重点放在患病率较高或发现特定菌株的地区。
