Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
Cells. 2019 Feb 20;8(2):185. doi: 10.3390/cells8020185.
CXC motif chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is associated with normal and abnormal development, including oncogenesis. The ligand of CXCR4 is stromal cell-derived factor (SDF), also known as CXC motif ligand (CXCL) 12. Through the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis, both homing and migration of hematopoietic (stem) cells are regulated through niches in the bone marrow. Outside of the bone marrow, however, SDF-1 can recruit CXCR4-positive cells from the bone marrow. SDF/CXCR4 has been implicated in the maintenance and/or differentiation of stemness, and tissue-derived stem cells can be associated with SDF-1 and CXCR4 activity. CXCR4 plays a role in multiple pathways involved in carcinogenesis and other pathologies. Here, we summarize reports detailing the functions of CXCR4. We address the molecular signature of CXCR4 and how this molecule and cells expressing it are involved in either normal (maintaining stemness or inducing differentiation) or abnormal (developing cancer and other pathologies) events. As a constituent of stem cells, the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis influences downstream signal transduction and the cell microenvironment.
CXC 基序趋化因子受体 4（CXCR4）与正常和异常发育有关，包括肿瘤发生。CXCR4 的配体是基质细胞衍生因子（SDF），也称为 CXC 基序配体（CXCL）12。通过 SDF-1/CXCR4 轴，骨髓中的龛调节造血（干）细胞的归巢和迁移。然而，在骨髓外，SDF-1 可以从骨髓中招募 CXCR4 阳性细胞。SDF/CXCR4 与维持和/或干细胞分化有关，组织来源的干细胞可以与 SDF-1 和 CXCR4 活性相关。CXCR4 在涉及癌发生和其他病理学的多种途径中发挥作用。在这里，我们总结了详细说明 CXCR4 功能的报告。我们讨论了 CXCR4 的分子特征，以及该分子及其表达细胞如何参与正常（维持干细胞特性或诱导分化）或异常（发展癌症和其他病理学）事件。作为干细胞的组成部分，SDF-1/CXCR4 轴影响下游信号转导和细胞微环境。
