Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2019 Jul;9(7):715-723. doi: 10.1002/alr.22320. Epub 2019 Feb 21.
Several studies have reported the benefits of olfactory training (OT) in the olfactory nervous system of mouse models. Therefore, in this study we performed next-generation sequencing to evaluate the effects of OT on mRNA sequencing in the olfactory area.
Mice in each group were administered 300 mg of 3-methylindole per kilogram of mouse weight. The olfactory function was evaluated by a food-finding test once a week. The olfactory neuroepithelium was harvested for histologic examination and protein analysis. Subsequently, data analysis, gene ontology and pathway analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction of mRNA, and Western blot analysis were conducted.
Mice were divided into 4 groups according to treatment. Control, anosmia, training, and steroid group mice resumed food finding. Olfactory Maker Protein, olfr1507, ADCY3, and GNAL mRNA expression was higher in the olfactory neuroepithelium of OT than anosmia group mice. In total, 26,364 mRNAs were analyzed. Comparison of the results of OT vs anosmia revealed that ADCY8,10, GFAP, NGF, NGFR, GFAP, and BDNF mRNAs were upregulated in the gene ontology.
OT improved olfactory function, as indicated by the food-finding test. OT improved the olfactory recovery time to stimulate olfactory nerve regeneration. OT may initially stimulate the olfactory receptor, followed by neurogenesis. Steroid therapy and OT operated under completely different mechanisms in the upregulated gene study. These results indicate that OT may be one of the future modalities for treating olfactory impairment.
几项研究报告了嗅觉训练（OT）在小鼠模型嗅神经系统中的益处。因此，在这项研究中，我们进行了下一代测序，以评估 OT 对嗅区 mRNA 测序的影响。
每组小鼠按每千克体重 300 毫克的 3-甲基吲哚给药。每周进行一次食物寻找测试来评估嗅觉功能。采集嗅神经上皮组织进行组织学检查和蛋白质分析。随后进行数据分析、基因本体论和通路分析、mRNA 定量实时聚合酶链反应和 Western blot 分析。
根据处理方式，将小鼠分为 4 组：对照组、嗅觉障碍组、训练组和类固醇组。嗅觉障碍组的小鼠恢复了食物寻找能力。OT 组嗅神经上皮的嗅觉制造者蛋白、olfr1507、ADCY3 和 GNAL mRNA 表达高于嗅觉障碍组。共分析了 26364 个 mRNAs。与嗅觉障碍组相比，OT 组的结果显示，ADCY8、10、GFAP、NGF、NGFR、GFAP 和 BDNF 的 mRNA 表达上调。
食物寻找测试表明，OT 改善了嗅觉功能。OT 改善了嗅觉神经再生的嗅觉恢复时间。OT 可能最初刺激嗅觉受体，然后刺激神经发生。类固醇治疗和 OT 在上调基因研究中作用于完全不同的机制。这些结果表明，OT 可能是治疗嗅觉障碍的未来方法之一。
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