Marine Naudin, Boriana Atanasova
INSERM U930, équipe 4 "Troubles affectifs", Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France.
INSERM U930, équipe 4 "Troubles affectifs", Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014 Sep;45:262-70. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.06.016. Epub 2014 Jul 6.
Depression and Alzheimer's disease are two common and closely intertwined diseases in the elderly. Bio-markers for their early diagnosis would be helpful for clinicians. The brain areas involved in depression, Alzheimer's disease and in olfactory processing overlap, leading to suggestions that olfaction could constitute a potential marker of these diseases. Here, we review the literature in the relevant clinical and olfactory fields, and consider which olfactory measures and factors could serve as markers of these diseases. It has been reported repeatedly that there is an alteration of odor identification in Alzheimer's disease but not in depression. These observations provide strong arguments that this olfactory marker may serve as a complementary tool for the early screening of patients. Odor threshold detection and odor hedonic aspect may constitute complementary markers of the efficacy of depression therapy. However, there are numerous contradictory data and innovative methods are required to investigate whether investigations of olfaction can usefully contribute to routine clinical practice.
抑郁症和阿尔茨海默病是老年人中两种常见且紧密相关的疾病。其早期诊断的生物标志物对临床医生会有所帮助。参与抑郁症、阿尔茨海默病以及嗅觉处理的脑区存在重叠，这使得人们认为嗅觉可能构成这些疾病的潜在标志物。在此，我们回顾了相关临床和嗅觉领域的文献，并思考哪些嗅觉测量方法和因素可作为这些疾病的标志物。有反复报道称，阿尔茨海默病患者存在气味识别改变，而抑郁症患者则没有。这些观察结果有力地表明，这种嗅觉标志物可作为早期筛查患者的辅助工具。气味阈值检测和气味愉悦度方面可能构成抑郁症治疗效果的补充标志物。然而，存在大量相互矛盾的数据，需要创新方法来研究嗅觉检查是否能有效应用于常规临床实践。
