Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Diabetes Metab J. 2019 Feb;43(1):59-75. doi: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0045.
Bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS) are increasingly used as substitutes for bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental obesogen. However, health effects of BPF and BPS remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the associations of BPA, BPF, and BPS with obesity in children and adolescents.
We used data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013 to 2014, a nationally representative study. We included 745 participants aged 6 to 17 years old. General obesity was defined based on the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention body mass index-for-age growth charts for the United States. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist-to-height ratio ≥0.5.
After adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, and urinary creatinine levels, the odds ratio of general obesity comparing the highest with lowest quartile of urinary bisphenol levels was 1.74 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92 to 3.31) for BPA, 1.54 (95% CI, 1.02 to 2.32) for BPF, and 1.36 (95% CI, 0.53 to 3.51) for BPS. Moreover, the associations were stronger in boys than in girls for BPA and BPF. Similar results were observed for abdominal obesity.
This study for the first time showed that exposure to BPF, a commonly used substitute for BPA, was positively associated with higher risk of obesity in children and adolescents. The association of BPA and BPF with general and abdominal obesity was primarily observed in boys, suggesting a possible sex difference. Further investigations on the underlying mechanisms are needed.
双酚 F（BPF）和双酚 S（BPS）作为环境内分泌干扰物双酚 A（BPA）的替代品，使用越来越多。然而，BPF 和 BPS 的健康影响仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们评估了 BPA、BPF 和 BPS 与儿童和青少年肥胖的关系。
我们使用了美国 2013-2014 年全国健康和营养调查的数据，这是一项具有全国代表性的研究。我们纳入了 745 名 6 至 17 岁的参与者。根据美国疾病控制与预防中心的 2000 年体重指数-年龄生长图表，将普通肥胖定义为体重指数超过第 95 百分位数。腹部肥胖定义为腰高比≥0.5。
在调整了人口统计学、社会经济和生活方式因素以及尿肌酐水平后，与尿液双酚水平最低四分位数相比，最高四分位数的普通肥胖的比值比为 1.74（95%置信区间[CI]，0.92 至 3.31）BPA、1.54（95%CI，1.02 至 2.32）BPF 和 1.36（95%CI，0.53 至 3.51）BPS。此外，BPA 和 BPF 的关联在男孩中比在女孩中更强。腹部肥胖也观察到了类似的结果。
本研究首次表明，暴露于 BPF，一种常用的 BPA 替代品，与儿童和青少年肥胖风险增加呈正相关。BPA 和 BPF 与普通和腹部肥胖的关联主要发生在男孩中，这表明可能存在性别差异。需要进一步研究潜在的机制。
