Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The College of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The College of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China; Municipal Centre of Disease Control and Prevention of Qingdao, Qingdao Institute of Prevention Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong, 266034, China.
Chemosphere. 2021 Sep;279:130573. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130573. Epub 2021 Apr 14.
Bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF), as substitutes for bisphenol A (BPA), are synthetic compounds detected increasingly frequently in plastics and resins. BPA, BPS, and BPF are endocrine disruptors with unclear effects on depressive symptoms. This study aims to evaluate the effects of these compounds on depressive symptoms in adults.
We used data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2016 for BPA (N = 7,085) and NHANES 2013-2016 for BPS and BPF (N = 2,707). BPA, BPS and BPF were detected in urine samples. Depressive symptoms were assessed with a nine-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9). Logistic regression models were used to investigate the effects of urinary BPA, BPS, and BPF concentrations on depressive symptoms.
In the general population, no significant association was observed between urinary BPA, BPS, and BPF and depressive symptoms. However, in stratified analyses, urinary BPS was positively associated with depressive symptoms in men (odds ratio [OR], 2.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13-7.47). In elderly men (≥60 years old), urinary BPA and BPS were positively correlated with depressive symptoms with ORs (95% CIs) of 5.53 (1.55-19.70) and 28.89 (4.23-192.75), respectively. In addition, urinary BPS was negatively associated with depressive symptoms (OR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.04-0.59) in elderly women (≥60 years old).
This study indicated that exposure to BPA and BPS was positively associated with depressive symptoms, especially in men. However, BPS was negatively associated with depressive symptoms in elderly women.
双酚 S（BPS）和双酚 F（BPF）作为双酚 A（BPA）的替代品，在塑料和树脂中越来越频繁地被检测到。BPA、BPS 和 BPF 是具有不确定抑郁症状影响的内分泌干扰物。本研究旨在评估这些化合物对成年人抑郁症状的影响。
我们使用了美国国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）2007-2016 年的 BPA（N=7085）和 NHANES 2013-2016 年的 BPS 和 BPF（N=2707）的数据。BPA、BPS 和 BPF 是在尿液样本中检测到的。抑郁症状使用九项患者健康问卷（PHQ-9）进行评估。使用逻辑回归模型研究尿液中 BPA、BPS 和 BPF 浓度与抑郁症状之间的关系。
在一般人群中，尿液中 BPA、BPS 和 BPF 与抑郁症状之间没有显著关联。然而，在分层分析中，尿液 BPS 与男性抑郁症状呈正相关（比值比[OR]，2.90；95%置信区间[CI]，1.13-7.47）。在老年男性（≥60 岁）中，尿液 BPA 和 BPS 与抑郁症状呈正相关，OR（95%CI）分别为 5.53（1.55-19.70）和 28.89（4.23-192.75）。此外，尿液 BPS 与老年女性（≥60 岁）的抑郁症状呈负相关（OR，0.16；95%CI，0.04-0.59）。
本研究表明，接触 BPA 和 BPS 与抑郁症状呈正相关，尤其是男性。然而，BPS 与老年女性的抑郁症状呈负相关。
