Potentier C, Martin E, Brousse P, Mosnier E, Henaff F, Guarmit B, Nacher M, Douine M
Inserm 1424, centre d'investigation clinique Antilles-Guyane, centre hospitalier de Cayenne, av. des Flamboyants, F-97300 Cayenne, Guyane.
Service de pédiatrie, centre hospitalier de Cayenne, av. des Flamboyants, F-97300 Cayenne, Guyane.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2018;111(3):167-175. doi: 10.3166/bspe-2018-0036.
The situation of the Amerindian village of Camopi in French Guiana is particular because of its geographical isolation and its socio-cultural environment. Does this unique context affect the morbidity of the children? This study describes the morbidity of children aged 0-5 years in Camopi. The study population included all the children living in Camopi, born between 01/01/2009 and 31/12/2013. Sociodemographic and medical data were collected from Child Health Record until 05/01/2016, with a maximum of five years. 149 children were included and received 5916 consultations during the period of study. ENT and upper respiratory diseases were the most frequent diseases that were followed by digestive disorders. Lower respiratory conditions were the leading cause of hospitalization. Tropical diseases were rare. Antibiotics were delivered in 32.5% of the consultations. The vaccination coverage exceeded 95% for BCG, DTP, HBVand yellow fever, remove than that of MMR which was little lower (89.9%) and only 4 children were vaccinated against pneumococcus. Despite the Amazonian context, the morbidity of Camopi's children mainly includes classic disorders. Traumas seem uncommon but can be violent. Facilitating access to rapid diagnostic tests, setting up protocols, and training staff could reduce the prescription of antibiotics.
法属圭亚那的卡莫皮美洲印第安人村庄情况特殊，因其地理位置偏远且社会文化环境独特。这种独特背景是否会影响儿童的发病率？本研究描述了卡莫皮0至5岁儿童的发病情况。研究对象包括2009年1月1日至2013年12月31日期间出生、居住在卡莫皮的所有儿童。截至2016年1月5日，最多五年，从儿童健康记录中收集社会人口统计学和医疗数据。研究期间纳入了149名儿童，共进行了5916次诊疗。耳鼻喉和上呼吸道疾病是最常见的疾病，其次是消化系统疾病。下呼吸道疾病是住院的主要原因。热带疾病很少见。32.5%的诊疗中使用了抗生素。卡介苗、白百破、乙肝疫苗和黄热病疫苗的接种覆盖率超过95%，麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹联合疫苗（MMR）的接种覆盖率略低（89.9%），只有4名儿童接种了肺炎球菌疫苗。尽管处于亚马逊地区的环境中，卡莫皮儿童的发病情况主要包括常见疾病。创伤似乎不常见，但可能很严重。提供快速诊断检测、制定方案和培训工作人员可以减少抗生素的使用。
