Zimmet P, Arblaster M, Thoma K
Aust N Z J Med. 1978 Apr;8(2):141-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.1978.tb04500.x.
A diabetes prevalence study in 1975 on an isolated urbanized Central Pacific island (Nauru) showed rates comparable to the American Pima Indians--the highest yet recorded in the world literature. This paper reports the results of a follow-up study and the high prevalence has been confirmed. In this survey of 417 people aged ten years and over, 9.8% were known diabetics. With a plasma glucose of 160 mg/100 ml or over at two hours after a 75 gram oral glucose load as the criterion of diagnosis, , diabetes was detected in a further 19.2%, making a total diabetic population of 29% in the population studied. The prevalence of diabetes was 44% in people aged 20 years and over. A further 7% had borderline diabetes on the basis of a two-hour plasma glucose of 140--159 mg/100 ml. Parity did not appear to be a causative factor in relation to the high diabetes prevalence. However, obesity is common in this community and is more marked than that seen in other Pacific or Caucasian communities. The high prevalence of diabetes in this population appears to be related to the inter-action of environmental factors, such as obesity, with a diabetic genotype. The results confirm the possible detrimental effects of westernization on native populations.
1975年在中太平洋一个与世隔绝的城市化岛屿（瑙鲁）开展的一项糖尿病患病率研究显示，其患病率与美国皮马印第安人相当——这是世界文献中记录到的最高患病率。本文报告了一项后续研究的结果，高患病率得到了证实。在这项对417名10岁及以上人群的调查中，9.8%的人是已知的糖尿病患者。以75克口服葡萄糖负荷后两小时血浆葡萄糖为160毫克/100毫升及以上作为诊断标准，又检测出19.2%的糖尿病患者，在所研究的人群中糖尿病患者总数占29%。20岁及以上人群中糖尿病患病率为44%。另有7%的人基于两小时血浆葡萄糖为140 - 159毫克/100毫升处于糖尿病临界状态。性别似乎不是导致糖尿病高患病率的因素。然而，肥胖在这个社区很常见，且比在其他太平洋或白种人社区更为明显。该人群中糖尿病的高患病率似乎与肥胖等环境因素和糖尿病基因型之间的相互作用有关。研究结果证实了西方化对原住民可能产生的有害影响。
