Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 2019 Jun;117:54-64. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2019.02.004. Epub 2019 Feb 15.
Recent literature suggests that individuals with eating disorders demonstrate altered interoceptive processing, which may relate to the maintenance of symptoms and thus represent a salient treatment target. Adopting treatment techniques effective for other conditions characterized by disturbed interoceptive processes (e.g., anxiety disorders) could aid in improving the outcomes of psychological interventions for eating disorders. The current investigation was a naturalistic case series (N = 4) that examined adjunctive interoceptive exposure (IE) for eating disorders, with an emphasis on evaluating the feasibility, acceptability, and impact of this intervention on anxiety sensitivity, interoceptive deficits, and eating disorder symptoms. Results suggested that all individuals who received 4 consecutive sessions of traditional and eating-disorder-specific IE exercises demonstrated decreases in interoceptive deficits and subjective distress. Results for anxiety sensitivity and eating disorder symptoms were encouraging yet more mixed. Findings also generally suggested that the intervention was feasible and acceptable, yet between-session practice compliance varied considerably among participants. Overall, we describe how IE may be used to target interoceptive deficits in eating disorders and provide preliminary evidence of how this may be accomplished within naturalistic intensive outpatient settings.
最近的文献表明，饮食障碍患者表现出内感受加工的改变，这可能与症状的维持有关，因此代表了一个显著的治疗靶点。采用针对其他以内感受过程紊乱为特征的疾病（如焦虑障碍）有效的治疗技术，可能有助于改善饮食障碍的心理干预效果。本研究是一项自然案例研究（N=4），探讨了饮食障碍的辅助内感受暴露（IE），重点评估了这种干预对焦虑敏感、内感受缺陷和饮食障碍症状的可行性、可接受性和影响。结果表明，所有接受 4 次传统和饮食障碍特异性 IE 练习的个体的内感受缺陷和主观不适都有所减少。焦虑敏感和饮食障碍症状的结果令人鼓舞，但更为复杂。研究结果还表明，该干预措施是可行且可接受的，但参与者之间的练习依从性差异很大。总的来说，我们描述了如何使用 IE 来针对饮食障碍中的内感受缺陷，并提供了初步证据，说明如何在自然主义强化门诊环境中实现这一目标。
