Dept. of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Dept. of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2019 May;219:95-102. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.02.006. Epub 2019 Feb 21.
Cerium nanoparticles (nCeO) are increasingly utilized in a wide variety of industrial, environmental and biomedical applications, and are therefore expected to be released in the aquatic environment. Due to its peculiar redox properties, nCeO may present unique hazards to environmental and human health. Previous data showed that in the hemocytes of the marine bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis, in vitro exposure to a particular type of nCeO (9 nm, characterized by negative ζ-potential, high HO scavenging capacity and Ce/Ce surface ratio) reduced basal ROS production, lysosomal membrane stability and phagocytic activity in the presence of hemolymph serum; the effects observed were partly ascribed to the formation of a SOD-protein corona in the hemolymph. In this work, the in vivo effects of this type of nCeO were investigated in mussels exposed to 100 μg/L nCeO for 96 h; several lysosomal, immune, inflammatory and antioxidant biomarkers were measured at cellular (hemocytes) and tissue (gills, digestive gland) level. Molecular responses were evaluated in hemocytes and digestive gland by determining expression of 11 selected genes related to known biological functions. The results show specific immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of nCeO at different levels of biological organization in the absence of Cerium tissue accumulation. These data further support the redox mechanisms at the basis of the physiological effects of nCeO. Finally, in order to evaluate the possible impact at the whole organism level, the effects of nCeO were evaluated in the 48 h embryotoxicity assay in a wide concentration range. However, nCeO exposure resulted in a small reduction in normal embryo development. Overall, the results demonstrate that in mussels nCeO can selectively modulate different physiological processes at different levels of biological organization.
铈纳米颗粒（nCeO）在各种工业、环境和生物医学应用中得到了越来越广泛的应用，因此预计会释放到水生态环境中。由于其独特的氧化还原特性，nCeO 可能对环境和人类健康带来独特的危害。先前的数据表明，在海洋双壳类贻贝 Mytilus galloprovincialis 的血细胞中，体外暴露于一种特定类型的 nCeO（9nm，具有负 ζ 电位、高 HO 清除能力和 Ce/Ce 表面比）会降低基础 ROS 产生、溶酶体膜稳定性和吞噬活性，同时存在血淋巴血清；观察到的效应部分归因于在血淋巴中形成 SOD-蛋白质冠。在这项工作中，研究了暴露于 100μg/L nCeO 96 小时的贻贝体内这种类型的 nCeO 的影响；在细胞（血细胞）和组织（鳃、消化腺）水平测量了几种溶酶体、免疫、炎症和抗氧化生物标志物。通过测定与已知生物学功能相关的 11 个选定基因的表达，在血细胞和消化腺中评估了分子反应。结果表明，在没有铈组织积累的情况下，nCeO 在不同的生物组织水平上具有特定的免疫调节和抗氧化作用。这些数据进一步支持了 nCeO 生理效应的氧化还原机制。最后，为了评估在整个生物体水平上的可能影响，在广泛的浓度范围内评估了 nCeO 在 48 小时胚胎毒性试验中的影响。然而，nCeO 暴露导致正常胚胎发育略有减少。总的来说，这些结果表明，在贻贝中，nCeO 可以在不同的生物组织水平上选择性地调节不同的生理过程。
