Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2019 Jun;33(6):e22311. doi: 10.1002/jbt.22311. Epub 2019 Feb 24.
Cysteine is important for protein synthesis, detoxification, and diverse metabolic functions. However, cysteine metabolism has been poorly described in fish, and the role of the therapeutic effect in pesticide toxicology on aquatic organisms is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of regular cysteine treatment on the hematology, biochemistry, apoptosis, oxidative DNA damage, and antioxidant parameters in fish blood after chemical application. Therefore, fish were exposed to cypermethrin for 2 weeks. Then two different concentrations of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) were applied for a 4-day treatment period and compared with the group of the self-healing process. At the end of the treatment, the hematological index, blood biochemical parameters, paraoxonase (PON), arylesterase (ARE), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities in the fish blood samples were investigated. With regard to the hematological parameters, statistical differences were obtained except for mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (P < 0.05). Enzyme activities (ARE, PON, and MPO), as well as some biochemical parameters (creatinin [Cre], alanine amino transferase, total glyceride, alkaline phosphatase, iron, calcium, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol [LDL-C], sodium, and potassium), were found to be importantly different among all groups at the P < 0.05 level, while 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and caspase-3 levels were determined to be high in the pesticide group but decreased significantly in NAC-treated groups ( P < 0.05). According to the results of the study, acute cysteine treatment showed an ameliorative effect on the hematological index, biochemical parameters, PON, MPO, and ARE in the blood in the all the treatment group fish. The positive effect of NAC on protein synthesis, detoxification, and diverse metabolic functions against cypermethrin toxicity was more effective in 1.0 mM NAC. NAC has an important therapeutic effect on pesticide-induced hematoxicity for fish in terms of all the data.
半胱氨酸对蛋白质合成、解毒和多种代谢功能很重要。然而，鱼类的半胱氨酸代谢尚未得到充分描述，其在水生生物农药毒理学中的治疗效果尚不清楚。本研究旨在确定常规半胱氨酸处理对化学应用后鱼类血液中的血液学、生物化学、细胞凋亡、氧化 DNA 损伤和抗氧化参数的影响。因此，鱼类暴露于氯菊酯中 2 周。然后，应用两种不同浓度的 N-乙酰半胱氨酸 (NAC) 进行为期 4 天的治疗期，并与自我修复过程的组进行比较。治疗结束时，研究了鱼类血液样本中的血液学指标、血液生化参数、对氧磷酶 (PON)、芳基酯酶 (ARE) 和髓过氧化物酶 (MPO) 活性。关于血液学参数，除平均红细胞血红蛋白 (MCH) 和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度 (MCHC) 外，均获得了统计学差异 (P<0.05)。酶活性 (ARE、PON 和 MPO) 以及一些生化参数 (肌酸酐 [Cre]、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、总甘油三酯、碱性磷酸酶、铁、钙、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 [LDL-C]、钠和钾) 在所有组之间都有重要差异在 P<0.05 水平，而农药组中的 8-羟基脱氧鸟苷和 caspase-3 水平较高，但在 NAC 处理组中显著降低 (P<0.05)。根据研究结果，急性半胱氨酸处理对所有治疗组鱼类血液中的血液学指标、生化参数、PON、MPO 和 ARE 均显示出改善作用。NAC 对蛋白质合成、解毒和多种代谢功能的积极作用在 1.0mM NAC 中更为有效。NAC 对鱼类因农药引起的血液毒性具有重要的治疗作用，所有数据均如此。
