Knopes Julia
School of Medicine, Department of Bioethics (Sears TA200), Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
J Med Humanit. 2019 Dec;40(4):461-471. doi: 10.1007/s10912-019-09551-3.
As the number of medical and health humanities degree programs in the United States rapidly increases (Berry, Lamb and Jones 2016, 2017), it is especially timely to consider the range of specific disciplinary (and multidisciplinary) perspectives that might benefit students enrolled in these programs. This paper discusses the inclusion of one such perspective from the field of Science and Technology Studies (STS.) The author asserts that STS benefits students in the medical and health humanities in four particular ways, by: (1) challenging the "progress narrative" around the advancement of biomedicine as scientific practice, (2) evaluating the meaning of technology, especially in how technology orients us towards sickness and how health technology is in turn shaped by social and cultural values, (3) assessing the plurality of biomedical epistemologies, rather than assuming biomedicine is one, cohesive body of knowledge that does not differ across contexts, and (4) critiquing bias in biomedical practice and science, especially in the marginalization of women's voices and in the racial and postcolonial trajectories of contemporary biomedicine. The paper discusses the theoretical importance of these four trajectories to the medical and health humanities, as well as the venues for inclusion of STS within coursework and programming at Case Western Reserve University. The paper also comments on how programming at other institutions might be adapted to incorporate STS scholarship. By drawing on numerous examples of research in the anthropology, sociology, history, and the philosophy of science, this article seeks to open a conversation about the value of science and technology studies to health humanities pedagogy.
随着美国医疗卫生人文学科学位项目的数量迅速增加(贝里、兰姆和琼斯,2016年、2017年),探讨一系列可能使参与这些项目的学生受益的特定学科(以及多学科)视角尤为及时。本文讨论了科学技术研究(STS)领域的一种此类视角的纳入情况。作者断言,STS在四个特定方面使医疗卫生人文学科的学生受益,即:(1)挑战围绕生物医学作为科学实践进步的“进步叙事”;(2)评估技术的意义,特别是技术如何引导我们看待疾病以及健康技术如何反过来受到社会和文化价值观的塑造;(3)评估生物医学认识论的多元性,而不是假定生物医学是一个统一的、在不同背景下没有差异的知识体系;(4)批判生物医学实践和科学中的偏见,特别是女性声音的边缘化以及当代生物医学中的种族和后殖民轨迹。本文讨论了这四条轨迹对医疗卫生人文学科的理论重要性,以及在凯斯西储大学的课程和项目中纳入STS的途径。本文还评论了其他机构的项目如何进行调整以纳入STS学术成果。通过借鉴人类学、社会学、历史和科学哲学等众多研究实例,本文旨在开启一场关于科学技术研究对健康人文学科教学价值的对话。