Kuang Beibei, Peng Shenli, Xie Xiaochun, Hu Ping
Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
Front Psychol. 2019 Feb 12;10:186. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00186. eCollection 2019.
To investigate the universality and cultural specificity of emotion processing in children from three different ethnic groups (Han, Jingpo, and Dai), we administered three questionnaires, including the emotional contagion scale, emotion regulation scale, and the Chinese mood adjective check list, to 1,362 ethnic Han, Dai, and Jingpo participants ( = 13.78 years). Structural equation modeling was used to examine the universality and cultural specificity in the relations among emotional contagion, emotion regulation, and mood state. The results revealed that emotion regulation mediated the relation between emotional contagion and mood state: positive emotional contagion increased positive mood state and decreased negative mood state by the mediated role of reappraisal, negative emotional contagion decreased positive contagion and increased negative mood state by the inconsistent mediated role of reappraisal; negative contagion increased negative mood state by the mediated role of suppression. We found both universality and cultural specificity in the relations among emotional contagion, emotion regulation, and mood state. Regarding cultural specificity, among Dai and Jingpo participants, negative contagion positively predicted reappraisal, while for Han participants, it did not; Jingpo participants demonstrated a weaker negative relation between reappraisal and negative mood state, and a stronger positive relation between negative contagion and suppression; and Dai participants were the only ethnic group that showed a negative connection between negative contagion and positive mood state. Regarding emotion universality, the three ethnic groups all showed positive relations between negative contagion and negative mood, and between suppression and negative mood; additionally, positive contagion positively predicted positive mood state, mediated by reappraisal. Thus, some emotion processes are universal and others more specific. In this paper, we discuss universal emotion processes and ethnic cultural differences in these emotion processes.
为了探究来自三个不同民族（汉族、景颇族和傣族）儿童情绪加工的普遍性和文化特异性，我们对1362名汉族、傣族和景颇族参与者（平均年龄 = 13.78岁）施测了三份问卷，包括情绪感染量表、情绪调节量表和中国情绪形容词检查表。采用结构方程模型来检验情绪感染、情绪调节和情绪状态之间关系的普遍性和文化特异性。结果显示，情绪调节在情绪感染和情绪状态之间起中介作用：积极情绪感染通过重新评价的中介作用增加积极情绪状态并降低消极情绪状态；消极情绪感染通过重新评价不一致的中介作用降低积极感染并增加消极情绪状态；消极感染通过抑制的中介作用增加消极情绪状态。我们发现情绪感染、情绪调节和情绪状态之间的关系既有普遍性又有文化特异性。关于文化特异性，在傣族和景颇族参与者中，消极感染正向预测重新评价，而汉族参与者则不然；景颇族参与者在重新评价和消极情绪状态之间表现出较弱的负相关，在消极感染和抑制之间表现出较强的正相关；傣族参与者是唯一一个在消极感染和积极情绪状态之间呈现负相关的民族。关于情绪普遍性，三个民族在消极感染与消极情绪之间以及抑制与消极情绪之间均呈现正相关；此外，积极感染通过重新评价的中介作用正向预测积极情绪状态。因此，一些情绪过程具有普遍性，而另一些则更具特异性。在本文中，我们讨论了普遍的情绪过程以及这些情绪过程中的民族文化差异。
