Fasanghari Maryam, Kordi Masoumeh, Asgharipour Negar
Department of Midwifery , School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Midwifery, Evidence-Based Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2019 Jan 29;8:4. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_202_17. eCollection 2019.
Maternal confidence is an extremely important factor in playing the mother's role and her identity formation. Loss of self-confidence occurs in primiparous women due to the lack of maternal skills. Obtaining the behaviors of maternal role and self-confidence, the mother provides better care for her child. Hence, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of maternal role training program based on Mercer theory on maternal self-confidence of primiparous women with unplanned pregnancy.
This clinical trial was performed on 67 primiparous women referring to Mashhad health centers. Individuals were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. A maternal role training program based on Mercer theory was carried out for intervention group (three sessions of group training in the 34, 35, and 36 weeks of pregnancy and one individual training session before discharge from the hospital and then, weekly follow-up over the phone for 4 weeks). The control group received the normal pregnancy care. The research tools were questionnaires of demographic characteristics, London, DASS 21, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Parenting Sense of Competence, General Impressions on Infant Temperament Questionnaire, and Six Simple Questions. Maternal self-confidence was measured before training, 4 weeks after delivery, and 4 months after delivery. Data analysis was carried out using independent -test, Chi-square test, paired - test, Mann-Whitney test, one-way ANOVA, and Wilcoxon test. < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
There was a significant difference between mean maternal self-confidence changes (before training and 4 weeks after delivery ( = 0.003) and before training and 4 months after delivery ( = 0.001) in both groups. After eliminating the effect of interventional variables, the mean scores of maternal self-confidence after training in the intervention group had a statistically significant difference with that in the control group ( = 0.001).
Maternal role training program based on Mercer theory increases maternal self-confidence in primiparous women with unplanned pregnancy. Teaching maternal role is recommended to all health-care providers.
母亲的自信是其扮演母亲角色及身份形成的一个极其重要的因素。初产妇由于缺乏育儿技能会出现自信心丧失的情况。母亲获得了母亲角色行为和自信后，就能更好地照顾孩子。因此，本研究的目的是探讨基于默瑟理论的母亲角色培训项目对意外怀孕初产妇母亲自信心的影响。
本临床试验对67名前往马什哈德健康中心就诊的初产妇进行。将个体随机分为干预组和对照组。对干预组实施基于默瑟理论的母亲角色培训项目（在怀孕第34、35和36周进行三次小组培训，出院前进行一次个体培训，然后出院后通过电话进行为期4周的每周随访）。对照组接受常规孕期护理。研究工具包括人口统计学特征问卷、伦敦问卷、抑郁焦虑压力量表21项、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表、育儿胜任感量表、婴儿气质总体印象问卷和六个简单问题。在培训前、产后4周和产后4个月测量母亲的自信心。使用独立样本t检验、卡方检验、配对样本t检验、曼-惠特尼检验、单因素方差分析和威尔科克森检验进行数据分析。P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
两组母亲自信心变化均值（培训前与产后4周（P = 0.003）以及培训前与产后4个月（P = 0.001））之间存在显著差异。在消除干预变量的影响后，干预组培训后母亲自信心的平均得分与对照组相比具有统计学显著差异（P = 0.001）。
基于默瑟理论的母亲角色培训项目可提高意外怀孕初产妇的母亲自信心。建议向所有医护人员传授母亲角色相关知识。
