Cordeiro Marli Tenório
Instituto de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhaes, FIOCRUZ - Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2019 Feb;28(1):15-17. doi: 10.1097/RMR.0000000000000190.
The recommendations for laboratory diagnosis of ZIKV infection are the detection of viral-RNA by molecular methods, detection of ZIKV-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies by serologic tests and the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) for confirmation of positive IgM results, in pregnant women. In the acute phase of disease ZIKV may be detected in blood (whole blood, serum, plasma), urine, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and other fluids; in urine, the virus may be detected over a longer period, viz., 15-20 days from the onset of symptoms. An accurate laboratory diagnosis requires combining serologic data to molecular testing, as well as clinical and epidemiological criteria, especially for pregnant women and children born with Zika congenital syndromes.
通过分子方法检测病毒RNA；通过血清学检测检测寨卡病毒特异性免疫球蛋白M（IgM）和免疫球蛋白G（IgG）抗体；对孕妇IgM检测结果呈阳性的情况，采用空斑减少中和试验（PRNT）进行确认。在疾病急性期，寨卡病毒可在血液（全血、血清、血浆）、尿液、唾液、脑脊液（CSF）及其他体液中检测到；在尿液中，病毒可在较长时间内检测到，即从症状出现起15 - 20天。准确的实验室诊断需要将血清学数据与分子检测以及临床和流行病学标准相结合，特别是对于孕妇和患有寨卡先天性综合征的儿童。
