Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de México, México.
Laboratorio de Investigación de Bioquímica y Biofísica Computacional, ENMH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México.
Nutr Neurosci. 2021 Jan;24(1):1-12. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2019.1584692. Epub 2019 Mar 1.
Essential fatty acids (EFAs) and non-essential fatty acids (nEFAs) exert experimental and clinical neuroprotection in neurodegenerative diseases. The main EFAs, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), nEFAs, and oleic acid (OA) contained in olive and fish oils are inserted into the cell membranes, but the exact mechanism through which they exert neuroprotection is still unknown. In this study, we assessed the fatty acids content and membrane fluidity in striatal rat synaptosomes after fatty acid-rich diets (olive- or a fish-oil diet, 15% w/w). Then, we evaluated the effect of enriching striatum synaptosomes with fatty acids on the oxidative damage produced by the prooxidants ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) or quinolinic acid (QUIN). Lipid profile analysis in striatal synaptosomes showed that EPA content increased in the fish oil group in comparison with control and olive groups. Furthermore, we found that synaptosomes enriched with fatty acids and incubated with QUIN or FeSO4 showed a significant oxidative damage reduction. Results suggest that EFAs, particularly EPA, improve membrane fluidity and confer antioxidant effect.
必需脂肪酸 (EFAs) 和非必需脂肪酸 (nEFAs) 在神经退行性疾病中发挥实验和临床神经保护作用。橄榄油和鱼类中含有的主要必需脂肪酸 (二十碳五烯酸，EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸 (DHA)、非必需脂肪酸和油酸 (OA) 被插入细胞膜中，但它们发挥神经保护作用的确切机制仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们评估了富含脂肪酸的饮食 (橄榄油或鱼油饮食，15%w/w) 后纹状体大鼠突触体中的脂肪酸含量和膜流动性。然后，我们评估了用脂肪酸富集纹状体突触体对亚铁硫酸 (FeSO4) 或喹啉酸 (QUIN) 等氧化剂产生的氧化损伤的影响。纹状体突触体的脂质谱分析表明，与对照组和橄榄油组相比，鱼油组 EPA 含量增加。此外，我们发现用脂肪酸富集并孵育 QUIN 或 FeSO4 的突触体显示出氧化损伤显著减少。结果表明，EFAs，特别是 EPA，可改善膜流动性并具有抗氧化作用。
