Polizzi G, Catara V
Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Fitosanitarie, University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Plant Dis. 2001 Jul;85(7):803. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.2001.85.7.803C.
In October 1997, severe leaf spotting was observed on several ornamental plants growing in different nurseries in southern Italy. These symptoms were detected for the first time on strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) and water wattle (Acacia retinodes Schltdl.). In the latter species, diseased plants showed also stem canker and shoot blight symptoms. Cylindrocladium pauciramosum C.L. Schoch & Crous (teleomorph Calonectria pauciramosa) were found associated with these symptoms (2). More recently, leaf spots were found also on feijoa (Feijoa sellowiana Berg.) and on Florida hopbush (Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq.) in two other nurseries located in Sicily. Infected tissues were surface-sterilized and plated on potato dextrose agar. Plates were incubated at room temperature under fluorescent cool white lights on a 12-h light/dark regime. A Cylindrocladium species was consistently associated with diseased tissues. The isolates of Cylindrocladium collected from feijoa and Florida hopbush were identified on carnation leaf agar as C. pauciramosum on the basis of their obpyriform to broadly ellipsoidal terminal vesicles, conidiophore branching pattern, and conidium morphology, as well as mating type studies with tester strains of C. pauciramosum (1,3). Koch's postulates were fulfilled by inoculating 6-month-old seedlings of the four ornamental plants with a spore suspension of the fungus (10 conidia per ml). Following inoculation, all plants were maintained in a glasshouse where the temperature was 15 to 25° C and relative humidity was 80 to 90%. After 6 to 8 days, symptoms resembling those seen in the nurseries were apparent. The Cylindrocladium species was reisolated from lesions on inoculated plants, thus confirming it to be the causal organism of these diseases. This is apparently the first report of C. pauciramosum leaf spot on these hosts. References: (1) P. W. Crous and M. J. Wingfield. Mycotaxon 51: 341, 1994. (2) G. Polizzi and P.W. Crous. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 105:407, 1999. (3) C. L. Schoch et al. Mycologia 91:286, 1999.
1997年10月，在意大利南部不同苗圃种植的几种观赏植物上观察到严重的叶斑病。这些症状首次在草莓树（Arbutus unedo L.）和水荆树（Acacia retinodes Schltdl.）上被发现。在后者中，患病植株还表现出茎溃疡和枝枯症状。发现少枝柱盘孢（Cylindrocladium pauciramosum C.L. Schoch & Crous，有性型为少枝痂囊腔菌（Calonectria pauciramosa））与这些症状有关（2）。最近，在西西里岛另外两个苗圃的费约果（Feijoa sellowiana Berg.）和佛罗里达酒饼簕（Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq.）上也发现了叶斑病。将感染组织进行表面消毒，然后接种到马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂平板上。平板在室温下，置于荧光冷白灯下，光照/黑暗周期为12小时。一种柱盘孢属真菌一直与患病组织有关。从费约果和佛罗里达酒饼簕上分离得到的柱盘孢属菌株，根据其倒梨形至宽椭圆形的顶囊、分生孢子梗分支模式、分生孢子形态以及与少枝柱盘孢测试菌株的交配型研究，在香石竹叶琼脂上被鉴定为少枝柱盘孢（1,3）。通过用该真菌的孢子悬浮液（每毫升10个分生孢子）接种这四种观赏植物的6月龄幼苗，证实了柯赫氏法则（1）。接种后，所有植株置于温室中，温度为15至25°C，相对湿度为80至90%。6至8天后，出现了与苗圃中观察到的症状相似的症状。从接种植株的病斑上再次分离出柱盘孢属真菌，从而证实它是这些病害的致病生物。这显然是关于少枝柱盘孢叶斑病在这些寄主上的首次报道。参考文献：（1）P.W. 克劳斯和M.J. 温菲尔德。《真菌分类学》51: 341, 1994。（2）G. 波利齐和P.W. 克劳斯。《欧洲植物病理学杂志》105:407, 1999。（3）C.L. 朔赫等人。《真菌学》91:286, 1999。
