Ovarian hormones and antioxidant biomarkers in dromedary camels synchronized with new and re-used controlled intravaginal drug release (CIDR)/GPG (Ovsynch) program during breeding season.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of CIDR, re-used wCIDR, and Ovsynch protocols for the synchronization of follicular waves on ovarian hormones, oxidative stress, and antioxidant biomarkers during the breeding season. Dromedary camels (N = 18) were divided into three equal groups. The first group received CIDR. The second group received previously used wCIDR after thorough cleaning and disinfection. The third group was subjected to GPG protocol. Progesterone (P), estradiol (E2) l, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxide product (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and glutathione reduced (GSH) were measured. Days during CIDR affected P4 (P = 0.0001), E2 (P = 0.047), TAC (P = 0.01), NO (P = 0.028), and GSH (P = 0.005). Days during re-used wCIDR effected P4, TAC, CAT, NO, GSH, and MDA (P ≤ 0.001). Days during GPG effected P4, E2, TAC, GSH (P = 0.0001), MDA (P = 0.036), and NO (P = 0.02). CIDR-treated camels had high P4 (P = 0.0001), E2 (P = 0.0001), TAC (P = 0.012), and NO (P = 0.0001), with low GSH (P = 0.001), and MDA (P = 0.003). Exogenous progesterone improved ovarian hormones and the antioxidant capacity and minimized the oxidative stress than the GPG treatment and is recommended for future reproductive management of camels.