Daley Gemma M, Pretorius Carel J, Ungerer Jacobus Pj
Department of Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland Central Laboratory, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4006, Australia.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4006, Australia.
Clin Biochem Rev. 2018 Nov;39(4):61-98.
Plumbism refers to the clinical features of lead toxicity, a condition which has been identified and then forgotten in a depressingly cyclical fashion since ancient times. For the past 6000 years antiquarians have described the human use of lead despite the well documented and severe adverse effects of exposure. As the analytical methods of lead measurement bring improved detection capability, it is clear that there is no safe amount of lead in the body. Sadly, we continue to identify affected patients in contemporary Australia, including young children. While there is little evidence that chelation therapy improves outcomes in affected individuals, it is recommended for use in patients with acute encephalopathy or in those with particularly elevated levels. The paucity of evidence supporting active treatment of plumbism highlights the importance of primary prevention, particularly in our most vulnerable.
铅中毒是指铅毒性的临床特征，自古以来，这种情况就以令人沮丧的周期性方式被发现然后又被遗忘。在过去的6000年里，古物研究者们一直在描述人类对铅的使用，尽管铅暴露有着充分记录的严重不良影响。随着铅测量分析方法检测能力的提高，很明显体内不存在安全剂量的铅。可悲的是，在当代澳大利亚，我们仍在不断发现受影响的患者，包括幼儿。虽然几乎没有证据表明螯合疗法能改善受影响个体的预后，但对于患有急性脑病或铅水平特别高的患者，仍建议使用螯合疗法。支持积极治疗铅中毒的证据不足凸显了一级预防的重要性，尤其是在我们最脆弱的人群中。
