Vester Marloes E M, Bilo Rob A C, Loeve Arjo J, van Rijn Rick R, van Zandwijk Jan Peter
Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Room G1-231, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Specialist Services and Expertise Division, Netherlands Forensic Institute, Laan van Ypenburg 6, 2497 GB, The Hague, The Netherlands.
Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2019 Sep;15(3):408-422. doi: 10.1007/s12024-019-0082-3. Epub 2019 Mar 4.
Inflicted blunt force trauma and/or repetitive acceleration-deceleration trauma in infants can cause brain injury. Yet, the exact pathophysiologic mechanism with its associated thresholds remains unclear. In this systematic review an overview of animal models for shaking trauma and their findings on tissue damage will be provided. A systematic review was performed in MEDLINE and Scopus for articles on the simulation of inflicted head injury in animals. After collection, the studies were independently screened by two researchers for title, abstract, and finally full text and on methodological quality. A total of 12 articles were included after full-text screening. Three articles were based on a single study population of 13 lambs, by one research group. The other 9 articles were separate studies in piglets, all by a single second research group. The lamb articles give some information on tissue damage after inflicted head injury. The piglet studies only provide information on consequences of a single plane rotational movement. Generally, with increasing age and weight, there was a decrease of axonal injury and death. Future studies should focus on every single step in the process of a free movement in all directions, resembling human infant shaking. In part II of this systematic review biomechanical models will be evaluated.
婴儿遭受钝器创伤和/或反复的加速-减速创伤可导致脑损伤。然而，其确切的病理生理机制及其相关阈值仍不清楚。在本系统评价中，将概述摇晃创伤的动物模型及其关于组织损伤的研究结果。在MEDLINE和Scopus中对关于动物头部损伤模拟的文章进行了系统评价。收集后，由两名研究人员独立筛选这些研究的标题、摘要，最后筛选全文和方法学质量。全文筛选后共纳入12篇文章。其中3篇文章基于一个研究小组对13只羔羊的单一研究群体。另外9篇文章是对仔猪的单独研究，均来自第二个单一研究小组。关于羔羊的文章提供了一些关于头部损伤后组织损伤的信息。仔猪研究仅提供了关于单一平面旋转运动后果的信息。一般来说，随着年龄和体重的增加，轴突损伤和死亡会减少。未来的研究应关注类似于人类婴儿摇晃的全方位自由运动过程中的每一个步骤。在本系统评价的第二部分，将对生物力学模型进行评估。
