School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, Uygur Autonomous Region, 832002, China.
School of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, Uygur Autonomous Region, 832002, China.
Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2019 Apr;10(3):665-669. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2019.02.011. Epub 2019 Feb 26.
Ticks are important vectors of emerging and re-emerging pathogens. The aim of this study was to determine tick species occurring in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), especially on border regions. A total of 22,994 ticks (including 22,629 adults, 365 larvae and nymphs), belonging to six tick genera (i.e. Dermacentor, Hyalomma, Rhipicephalus, Haemaphysalis, Ixodes and Argas) and fourteen tick species, were collected from ten animal hosts in thirty-five counties (cities) in XUAR during 2011 - 2017. Rhipicephalus turanicus, Dermacentor niveus, Hyalomma asiaticum and Dermacentor marginatus were dominantly sampled from domestic animals while Dermacentor nuttalli, Haemaphysalis punctata, Haemaphysalis concinna, Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato, Dermacentor silvarum, Hyalomma scupense and Argas persicus were sporadically found. Based on 16S rDNA, phylogenetic analyses showed that: i) R. turanicus genotypes in XUAR showed geographical separation, and belonged to clade I (major distribution in the Central Asian) rather than clade II (major distribution in the Mediterranean Basin); ii) Ixodes kaiseri, firstly sampled from Asian badgers (Meles leucurus), was in ancestral position compared to European tick species when combining COI haplotypes; and iii) Haemaphysalis erinacei from marbled polecats in China was a separate genotype compared with that in Mediterranean and Europe. Our findings suggest that geographical range plays a more important role than host-association in tick phylogeny, especially for R. turanicus, I. kaiseri and H. erinacei.
蜱是重要的新兴和再现病原体载体。本研究旨在确定新疆维吾尔自治区（XUAR）存在的蜱种，特别是在边境地区。2011 年至 2017 年期间，从 XUAR 的十个动物宿主的三十五个县（市）共采集到 22994 只蜱（包括 22629 只成虫、365 只幼虫和若虫），隶属于六个蜱属（即硬蜱属、璃眼蜱属、革蜱属、血蜱属、扇头蜱属和亚蜱属）和 14 种蜱。从家畜中主要采集到璃眼蜱属、扇头蜱属、亚洲璃眼蜱和边缘革蜱，而从家畜中偶见全沟硬蜱属、血红扇头蜱、长角血蜱、边缘革蜱、银盾革蜱、扇头蜱属和亚蜱属。基于 16S rDNA，系统发育分析表明：i）XUAR 的 R. turanicus 基因型存在地理分离，属于 I 群（主要分布在中亚）而不是 II 群（主要分布在地中海盆地）；ii）首次从亚洲獾（Meles leucurus）中采集到的Ixodes kaiseri与结合 COI 单倍型的欧洲蜱种相比处于祖先位置；iii）来自中国马岛狸的硬蜱属属的马岛狸硬蜱与地中海和欧洲的硬蜱属属的马岛狸硬蜱是不同的基因型。我们的研究结果表明，地理范围比宿主联系在蜱的系统发育中起更重要的作用，特别是对于 R. turanicus、I. kaiseri 和 H. erinacei。
