Strand Tanja Maria, Lundkvist Åke
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Infect Ecol Epidemiol. 2019 Feb 27;9(1):1553461. doi: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1553461. eCollection 2019.
To investigate the spectrum of rat-borne pathogens circulating in Europe a systematic review spanning across 55 European countries during the years 1995-2016 was performed. The study surveyed viruses, bacteria, macroparasites and unicellular eukaryotes (protozoa). Fifty-three different infectious agents, all with zoonotic potential, were reported to be carried by commensal rats; 48 by the brown rat () and 20 by the black rat (). There was a tendency for rural areas to harbour more rat-borne microbes than urban areas regarding the brown rat, but the opposite could be observed for the black rat. The study clearly indicated that an improved surveillance on wild rats is needed in Europe, and further indicated the pathogens and geographical areas where the major focus is required. For example, six zoonotic microbes seemed to be clearly more geographically widespread in Europe than others; virulent or resistant , pathogenic spp., and .
为调查在欧洲传播的鼠传病原体谱，我们对1995年至2016年期间55个欧洲国家进行了一项系统综述。该研究调查了病毒、细菌、大型寄生虫和单细胞真核生物（原生动物）。据报道，共生大鼠携带53种具有人畜共患病潜力的不同传染原；褐家鼠（）携带48种，黑家鼠（）携带20种。就褐家鼠而言，农村地区携带的鼠传微生物往往比城市地区多，但黑家鼠的情况则相反。该研究清楚地表明，欧洲需要加强对野生大鼠的监测，并进一步指出了需要重点关注的病原体和地理区域。例如，六种人畜共患病微生物在欧洲的地理分布似乎明显比其他微生物更广；毒力强或耐药的，致病性的 spp.，和 。
