南非职业健康与安全组织评论、国际劳工组织以及一般政策。
Commentary on the Organisation of Occupational Health and Safety in Southern Africa, the International Labour Organization and Policies in General.
机构信息
Department of Environmental Science, Bindura University of Science Education, Private Bag 1020, Bindura, ZW.
出版信息
Ann Glob Health. 2018 Aug 31;84(3):500-503. doi: 10.29024/aogh.2333.
BACKGROUND
The design and implementation of sound occupational health and safety (OHS) programmes require understanding of the main issues that need attention. This article highlights key issues regarding the (i) organisation of OHS services in southern Africa, (ii) role of the International Labour Organization (ILO) in the provision of OHS services and (iii) implementation of policies in general.
METHODS
Relevant peer-reviewed journal articles, ILO conventions and policies were identified and discussed.
RESULTS
Inadequacies that exist on the organisation of OHS services in southern Africa include (i) lack of some critical categories of OHS practitioners, (ii) no emphasis on the surveillance of the work environment (iii) disregard of the worker's right to refuse to work in unsafe work environments and (iv)non-coverage of some sectors of the economy. Further research is needed to identify additional efforts that the ILO requires to effectively discharge its OHS promotion mandate.
CONCLUSION
Responsible authorities need to attend to the shortcomings of the national OSH laws and intergovernmental pacts.
背景
设计和实施健全的职业健康与安全（OHS）计划需要了解需要关注的主要问题。本文重点介绍了有关（i）南部非洲 OHS 服务的组织、（ii）国际劳工组织（ILO）在提供 OHS 服务中的作用以及（iii）一般政策实施方面的关键问题。
方法
确定并讨论了相关的同行评议期刊文章、ILO 公约和政策。
结果
南部非洲 OHS 服务组织中存在的不足之处包括（i）缺乏某些关键类别的 OHS 从业者、（ii）不重视工作环境监测、（iii）无视工人有权拒绝在不安全的工作环境中工作以及（iv）不涵盖某些经济部门。需要进一步研究以确定 ILO 需要做出哪些额外努力来有效履行其 OHS 促进任务。
结论
责任当局需要关注国家职业健康与安全法和政府间公约的不足之处。
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