Carnegie School of Sport, Headingley Campus, Leeds Beckett University, Fairfax Hall, LS6 3QS, UK.
Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Durham University, 42 Old Elvet, Durham, DH1 3HN, UK.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2019 Nov;44(11):1141-1149. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0650. Epub 2019 Mar 5.
Deficiencies in protein and energy intakes are partly responsible for age-related sarcopenia. We investigated the effects of supplements matched in essential amino acid (EAA) content (7.5 g) on energy intake and appetite. Ten women aged 69.2 ± 2.7 years completed 3 trials in a randomised, crossover design. Composite appetite scores, peptide-YY (PYY), and insulin responses to a 200-mL whey protein (WP) isolate (275 kJ), a 50-mL EAA gel (GEL, 478 kJ), or nothing as the control (CON) condition were investigated over 1 h, followed by an ad libitum breakfast. Energy intake at breakfast (CON, 1957 ± 713; WP, 1413 ± 623; GEL, 1963 ± 611 kJ) was higher in CON and GEL than in WP (both 0.006). After accounting for supplement energy content, energy intake in GEL was higher than in CON ( 0.0006) and WP ( 0.0008). Time-averaged area under the curve for composite appetite scores (CON, 74 ± 20; WP, 50 ± 22; GEL, 60 ± 16 mm) was higher in CON than WP ( 0.015). Time-averaged area under the curve for PYY (CON, 87 ± 13; WP, 119 ± 27; GEL, 97 ± 22 pg·mL) was higher in WP than CON ( 0.009) and GEL ( 0.012). In conclusion, supplementation with WP facilitated an increase in protein intake, whereas supplementation with GEL increases in both energy and protein intakes, when consumed before an ad libitum breakfast. Such findings highlight potential gel-based EAA supplementation intake for addressing age-related sarcopenia.
蛋白质和能量摄入不足是导致与年龄相关的肌肉减少症的部分原因。我们研究了补充必需氨基酸（EAA）含量（7.5 克）相同的补充剂对能量摄入和食欲的影响。10 名年龄为 69.2±2.7 岁的女性在随机交叉设计中完成了 3 项试验。在 1 小时内研究了复合食欲评分、肽 YY（PYY）和胰岛素对 200 毫升乳清蛋白（WP）分离物（275 kJ）、50 毫升 EAA 凝胶（GEL，478 kJ）或无对照（CON）条件的反应，然后进行自由早餐。早餐时的能量摄入（CON，1957±713；WP，1413±623；GEL，1963±611 kJ）在 CON 和 GEL 中高于 WP（均为 0.006）。在考虑补充剂能量含量后，GEL 中的能量摄入高于 CON（0.0006）和 WP（0.0008）。复合食欲评分的时间平均曲线下面积（CON，74±20；WP，50±22；GEL，60±16 mm）在 CON 中高于 WP（0.015）。PYY 的时间平均曲线下面积（CON，87±13；WP，119±27；GEL，97±22 pg·mL）在 WP 中高于 CON（0.009）和 GEL（0.012）。结论：在自由早餐前摄入 WP 可促进蛋白质摄入增加，而摄入 GEL 则可增加能量和蛋白质摄入，从而增加能量和蛋白质摄入。这些发现强调了基于凝胶的 EAA 补充摄入在解决与年龄相关的肌肉减少症方面的潜在应用。
