Ruggieri M R, Hanno P M, Levin R M
Urology. 1986 Apr;27(4):343-8. doi: 10.1016/0090-4295(86)90311-0.
The first step in developing a bladder infection is attachment of bacteria to the bladder epithelium. Removing the bladder mucin increases bacterial adherence up to a thousand-fold, and this increase can be prevented by pretreating the mucin-deficient bladder with heparin. To develop a rapid, in vitro antiadherence screening assay, we studied the adherence of Escherichia coli to various chromatography resins and the ability of heparin and other agents to antagonize this attachment. The results can be summarized as follows: Although E. coli attached to all resins, only the adherence to the anion exchange resin was inhibited by heparin (up to 95%). Agents which did not effect E. coli adherence to the resin did not affect attachment to the bladder. Agents which inhibited E. coli adherence to the bladder also inhibited E. coli adherence to the resin. Similar to the effect of heparin on E. coli attachment, the adherence of Klebsiella ozaene, Proteus mirabilis, and Streptococcus fecalis to both bladder epithelium and anion exchange resin were also antagonized. These studies indicate that the adherence of E. coli (as well as other bacterial species) to anion exchange resin responds to heparin and other chemical agents in a similar manner as does adherence to the mucin-deficient rabbit urinary bladder. Because of the ease and rapid nature of this in vitro assay, it serves as a useful screen for potential bacterial antiadherence agents and could be used to help elucidate mechanisms of bacterial attachment.
膀胱感染形成的第一步是细菌附着于膀胱上皮。去除膀胱黏蛋白会使细菌黏附增加高达一千倍，而用肝素预处理黏蛋白缺乏的膀胱可防止这种增加。为了开发一种快速的体外抗黏附筛选试验，我们研究了大肠杆菌对各种色谱树脂的黏附以及肝素和其他试剂拮抗这种附着的能力。结果可总结如下：尽管大肠杆菌附着于所有树脂，但只有对阴离子交换树脂的黏附受到肝素抑制（高达95%）。不影响大肠杆菌对树脂黏附的试剂不会影响其对膀胱的附着。抑制大肠杆菌对膀胱黏附的试剂也会抑制其对树脂的黏附。与肝素对大肠杆菌附着的作用类似，肺炎克雷伯菌、奇异变形杆菌和粪肠球菌对膀胱上皮和阴离子交换树脂的黏附也受到拮抗。这些研究表明，大肠杆菌（以及其他细菌种类）对阴离子交换树脂的黏附对肝素和其他化学试剂的反应，与对黏蛋白缺乏的兔膀胱的黏附反应相似。由于这种体外试验简便快捷，它可作为潜在细菌抗黏附剂的有用筛选方法，并可用于帮助阐明细菌附着的机制。
